Natural Selection
how did natural selection lead to giraffes with longer necks?
long neck giraffes were better suited to the environment
9. The arctic fox and gray wolf are two examples of animals that change the color of their fur with the seasons. IN the summer, the animals are a brownish color, and in the winter, they turn white. The change of color helps the animals to survive. Which of the following provides the best explanation for this change?
A. The color change helps protect them from predators.
B. The color change helps them raise their young.
C. The color change helps them regulate their body temperature better.
D. The color change helps them be seen from a great distance.
A. The color change helps protect them from predators.
6. Over time, new species have evolved while others have become extinct. Which of the following most likely supports how giraffes evolved long necks?
A. More long-necked giraffes survived to pass on their genes.
B. More short-necked giraffes survived to pass on their genes.
C. Short-necked giraffes modified their diets to evolve into a new species.
D. Short-necked giraffes grew longer necks to reach higher leaves.
A. More long-necked giraffes survived to pass on their genes.
8. Vestigial structures, such as hip bones in whales and appendixes in humans, are those that have little or not function for the organism. What is the most likely reason for this loss of function over time?
D. The structure was not highly beneficial to the organism.
19. the artic hare goes from dark fur in the summer to white fur in the winder. What best describes how this change helps arctic hares?
D. It makes them less visible to predators.
Rainfall in a tropical region is below average for 10 consecutive years. Insect species adapted for dry conditions are much more plentiful at the end of the 10 years. Which of the following statements best explains the increase in the population of these insects?
natural selection favored insects with a high tolerance for dry conditions
10. The caterpillar has two large spots that look like large eyes . How do these large false eyes help the caterpillar survive?
B. They allow the caterpillar to scare away predators.
4. A species of finch has been studied on one of the geographically isolated Galapagos Islands for many years. Since the island is small, the lineage of every bird for several generations is known. This allows a family tree of each bird to be developed. Some family groups have survived and others have died out. The groups that survive probably have
B. Inherited some advantageous variations.
25. Skeletal structures are common between two animals of different species. These structures probably exist because both species
D. Are related to a common ancestor.
20. Emperor penguins are specialized birds that eat fish. Emperor penguins have developed many special characteristics that help them survive in the ocean environment. Which of the following characteristics most helps the emperor penguins survive in an ocean environment?
A. Having very little sense of smell
B. Having a very weak sense of taste
C. Having large feathers that absorb water
D. Having small wings that move like flippers
D. Having small wings that move like flippers
3. Which of these best illustrates natural selection?
A. An organism with favorable genetic variations will tend to survive and breed successfully.
B. A population monopolizes all of the resources in its habitat, forcing other species to migrate.
C. A community whose members work together utilizes all existing resources and migratory routes.
D. The largest organisms in a species receive the only breeding opportunities.
A. An organism with favorable genetic variations will tend to survive and breed successfully.
11. The Venus flytrap plant lives in soil with a few nutrients. The plant absorbs nutrients by trapping insects inside its leaves. The ability of the Venus flytrap to trap insects is an example of which of the following?
A. Adaptation
the average fish size is above 60cm Policy makers are enacting regulations that will require releasing all fish that are under 60 cm long back into the water. best predicts how the fish population will change after ten generations as a result of this regulation?
the average fish size is around 60 cm
a humans arm, a whales fin, and a bats wing are examples of
homologous structures
Why do the finches of the Galapagos islands have so many different types of beaks
B. Each beak shape is an adaptation to a specific source of food.
5. A population of termites initially consists of darkly colored and brightly colored members. After several generations, the termite population consists almost entirely of darkly colored members because the brightly colored termites are easier for a predatory species of insectivores to locate. This situation is an example of
natural selection
13. C. reinhardtii is a species of unicellular green algae that primarily produce energy for growth throughout photosynthesis. However, when necessary, they can also produce energy from a carbon source, which allows them to grow in total darkness. A scientist grows a population of this algae in the dark and finds that after 600 generations, the algae population now grows better int he dark than in the light. Which statement best explains what has happened to the cells in the algae population?
A. The cells that were better adapted to growing in the dark reproduced more.
B. The cells that were better adapted to growing in the light got smaller in size.
C. They became contaminated with a species of algae that grow only in the dark.
D. They evolved into a different species that can grow only in the dark.
A. The cells that were better adapted to growing in the dark reproduced more.
14. Students studying a moth population in the woods in Kentucky found the distribution of moth wing color to highly favor black wings. The woods contained trees with bark that was mostly black. Two years later a fungus attacked nearly all of the trees in the woods and the tree bark changed from black to patches of gray and white. what is the probable distribution of wing color
white and grey wings will be favored
what part of a bird is most like a whales fin?
beak
talons
wing
feathers
wings
31. More than 1.5 million species of animals have been described, yet all of them have DNA that is made of the same building blocks. This is evidence that all animals have
A. A common ancestor
16. A lizard species mostly eats fruit from one particular type of tree. If a virus kills most of these trees, which individual lizards will most likely survive?
C. Lizards that can find other types of food
15. Which adaptation prevents armadillos from being eaten by predators?
C. Hard outer covering
26. Which statement describes the best evidence that two species share a recent common ancestor?
A. The species are about the same size.
B. The species eat the same type of food.
C. The species live in the same ecosystem.
D. The species have similar DNA sequences.
D. The species have similar DNA sequences.
what do homologous structures tell us/imply
that these organisms share a common ancestor
32. Scientists have concluded that snakes evolved from a ancestor with legs. Which of the following statements provides the best evidence for this conclusion?
A. Most species of snakes live on land.
B. Snakes move extremely fast to catch their prey.
C. Snakes have a well-developed backbone and muscular system.
D. Some species of snakes have limb buds during their embryonic development.
D. Some species of snakes have limb buds during their embryonic development.