Perms part 1
Todays perms involve two major phases list them:
Physical & Chemical
Who created the first real breakthrough with the heat permanent waving machine ?
Charles Nessler in 1905
The final part of the wrapping step to ensure that perm rods are secured in proper position is avoid band pressure by using what ?
Picks or Stabilizers
What are the 4 basic techniques for applying end papers ?
Bookend, double-paper, single-paper , cushion technique
What is used to protect the clients clothing as well as prevent skin irritations for a chemical service ?
Draping
To perform the physical phase of a perm service, you will need to be familiar with what ?
distribute, section & wrap
What is the most common perm tool that is narrow in the center and wider at the ends, that produces a tighter curl in the center?
Concave rods
Barrier cream is applied around the hairline . What is positioned on top of the barrier cream ?
Cotton around the hairline
What end paper technique version is often used on hair in good condition and is more advanced ?
What is used prior to help determine how your client's hair will react to a perm ?
Preliminary Test Curl
What are the two chemicals used during the chemical phase in perming?
Permanent wave solution & Neutralizer
Prior to wrapping a perm, the head is divided into sections for control. What are the 3 main types , or shapes , of sections called ?
Rectangular Circular and Oblong sections
When preforming a test curl you unwind the hair how many turns ?
1.5 - 2 turns
When using multiple end papers , be sure to rinse & blot thoroughly . Water left in end papers after rinsing does what ?
Dilutes neutralizer & weakens curls
A test for color products that contain a form of residue on the hair that interferes with the chemical action of a result of hair damage, discoloration, or breakage is ??
1:20 Test
What is the method of wrapping hair from ends to scalp called?
overlap (croquignole)
What are the 4 main ways to distribute hair for perming .
Away , Towards , Side part , Alternating clockwise & counterclockwise Direction .
If processing is complete, you should see a definite S shape or pattern that matches the diameter of the perm rod that is known as What ?
Positive test curl
What is used to help a school or salon owners to avoid any damages or accidents as part of some malpractice Insurance policies ?
Release form - Client record
What happens if you do not rinse properly a neutralizer for 5 minutes or longer ?
Unpleasant odor after perming (hair)
Todays acid perms have a pH that range what ?
6.9-7.2
In 1938 , Arnold F. Willatt invented the first what ?
Cold Wave
What can result if you leave the neutralizer on hair longer than recommended ?
Dry hair & cause breakage
To ensure your client's safety during the perm service, keep the following guidelines in mind when performing the perm procedures. List them (5)
Distribute Section Wrap Process & Neutralize
What can happen if perm solution is not left long enough for waving?
Weak, Limp or under processed curl