FISH
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals
Vertebrates and people
100
What type of body and fins do fish have that help facilitate their movement?
Fusiform
100
Why are amphibians called amphibians?
Because they developed their lives between two environments: aquatic and terrestrial.
100
Where do reptiles get their name from?
They are named after the way they move, by dragging their belly along the ground or almost doing so (reptation)
100
List three main body parts or structures found in birds.
skin covered in feathers, four extremities, forelimbs are wings, hind legs covered in scales beak
100
Where do mammals get their name from?
Their name derives from the fact that the young are fed by their mothers through milk-secreting mammary glands.
100
Which group of mammals do humans belong to and why?
We belong to the placental group because we develop inside the maternal placenta.
200
Name three characteristics of fish.
Body covered in scales, fusiform body and fins, ectoderms, breathe through gills, they have a lateral line, mostly oviparous
200
How do amphibians lay their eggs. Explain why it is different to how fish lay eggs.
They are oviparous. They lay eggs differently from fish because their eggs are not shelled and laid in water. The eggs hatch into larvae and after metamorphosis they transform into adults.
200
Name at least three characteristics of reptiles.
thick skin without glands covered in scales, most of them have four legs except for snakes, ectoderms, breathe with lungs, almost all oviparous with their egg shells waterproof so they don't dry out.
200
What kind of body type do birds have and why?
Aerodynamically shaped body, for ease of flight.
200
Name three characteristics of mammals.
bodies covered in hair, endothermic, mammary glands, lips for suckling, different types of teeth for different functions (cutting, crushing, or tearing), four limbs with different shapes, breathe through lungs, developed nervous system, viviparous although some the monotremes are ovoviviparous.
200
Name at least three characteristics that make humans unique from other mammals:
little hair covering body, bipedal (walk on two limbs), our face is flatter than other primates, young born defenceless and need a lot of care, highly developed and complex brain, we can communicate.
300
Name the two different types of fish.
Bony & Cartilaginous fish
300
Name three traits that amphibians share.
Skin without scales, moist gland (some with venom), most have four legs, they are ectoderms, cutaneous respiration, oviparous, eggs hatch into larva, they go through metamorphosis
300
Name the three groups of reptiles.
Chelonians (turtles), crocodilians (crocodiles, alligators and gavials) and squamates (lizards and snakes)
300
Describe the skeleton of birds.
It is very light because their bones have hollows to facilitate flight.
300
Name the three different types of mammals according to their reproduction.
Monotremes, Marsupials, and Placental
300
Name three ways vertebrates help humans:
source of food, work with us, transportation, company and affection, regulate the function of our environment.
400
Which type of fish has gills without an operculum, and has scales that are thicker and more pointed?
Cartilaginous fish
400
Name the two groups of amphibians.
Anurans: frogs and toads
Urodeles: salamanders and newts
400
Name three parts of this chelonian:
Head, carapace, scales
400
Describe the respiratory system of a bird.
Birds breathe through their lungs, but they also have air reserves, air sacs, which facilitate flight and provide more oxygen.
400
What type of mammal is this and why?
Marsupial (Koala)
give birth to underdeveloped young that finish in a pouch or marsupium.
400
How can vertebrates harm people?
large predators can attack, they can eat our crops, they can transmit disease.
500
Point to the lateral line on this fish and explain its function.
500
Name three differences between anurans and urodeles.
Anurans: short bodies, tailless, hind legs are longer than front legs, they have interdigital membrane on hind legs.
Urodeles: elongated bodies, long tail, legs are all same length (some don't have legs like cecilias) don't have interdigital membrane.
500
Name three parts of this crocodilian:
Trunk, tail, legs
500
Describe the difference between the two types of birds: wattled and ratite. Provide one example of these birds for each wattled and ratite.
Wattled: has highly developed keel, which allows them to fly (except penguins). This allows powerful muscles to attach to the keel.
Ex: sparrow, goldfinch, peregrine falcon
Ratite: do not have keel. These birds are sometimes very large. Their forelimbs are atrophied.
Ex: Ostrich and kiwi
500
What type of mammal is this and why?
Placental (wolf)
offspring is developed inside the mother's pouch or placenta. The offspring is connected to the mother. These pups are born fully developed.
500
Which animal kills the largest number of people per year?
mosquitos