Validity
A study with a high degree of BLANK shows convincingly that changes in the dependent variable are a function of the independent variable and not the result of uncontrolled or unknown variables
What is internal validity
Research Question
At least one participant (subject)
At least one behavior (dependent variable)
At least one setting
A system for measuring the behavior and ongoing visual analysis of the data
At least one intervention or treatment condition (independent variable)
Manipulation of the independent variable to determine its effects on the dependent variable (experimental design)
Baseline logic 3 elements - What are they
prediction, verification, and replication.
BLANK is is achieved when a predictable change in behavior (the dependent variable) is reliably produced by the systematic manipulation of some aspect of the environment (the independent variable)
What is experimental control
The AKAs for independent variable are
experimental variable, intervention and treatment
BLANK refers to the degree to which a study’s results are generalizable to other subjects, settings, and/or behaviors
What is external validity
The 4 type of research questions are...
Demonstration- To what extent will this intervention work?
Parametric- Does more or less of the intervention work better?
Component- How effective is the intervention when various components are added or subtracted?
Comparative- Does one intervention work better than another?
It is important to obtain baseline data because
baseline data allows the opportunity to look for and note environmental events that occur just before and just after the target behavior
Experimental methods in behavior analysis are guided by 2 defining features of behavior...Name 1
Behavior is an individual phenomenon
Behavior is dynamic and continuous
Define Dependent Variable
The target behavior, or the measurable dimensional quantity of that behavior (e.g., rate, duration)
This is a primary factor in evaluating internal validity...
What is the extent to which it eliminates or controls the effects of confounding variables while still investigating the research questions of interest
BLANK is achieved when the systematic manipulation of some aspect of the subjects environment reliably produces a predictable change in behavior.
What is Experimental control
This is“the anticipated outcome of a presently unknown or future measurement”
What is prediction
Experimental methods are guided by 2 assumptions concerning its nature...Name one
Behavior is determined
Behavioral variability is extrinsic to the organism
When manipulating part of the experiment which variable are you manipulating?
What is the independent variable
Uncontrolled variables known or suspected to exert an influence on the dependent variable are called BLANK
What is confounding variables
When looking at the visual analysis Behavior analysts must recognize changes in BLANK, BLANK and BLANK
What is trend, level and variability
This is repeating independent variable manipulations conducted previously in the student and obtaining similar outcomes
What is replication
This refers to which feature of behavior:
Groups of people do not behave; individual people do
What is an Individual phenomenon
True or False: Multiple behaviors can be measured
What is true
The AKAs for confounding variables are
What are AKA extraneous variables and unrelated variables
Single Subject means that
the experiment only has 1 participant, and it denotes an experimental logic for examining functional relations that employs each subject as their own control
This is the original prediction of unchanging baseline measures increases the probability that an observed change in behavior was functionally related to the introduction of the independent variable
What is verification
This describes which nature of behavior:
Behavior variability is the result of environmental influence
What is Behavioral Variability is Extrinsic to the Organism
When it comes to variables, what is the purpose of the experimental design
to determine whether the behavior is dependent on the independent variables manipulated by the investigator