Radioactivity
Radiation with least penetrating power
alpha particle
The time required for half the atoms in a sample of a radioactive nuclide to undergo decay
Half-Life
The conversion of atoms of one element to atoms of another.
Transmutation
low-mass nuclei combine to form a heavier, more stable nucleus
Fusion
When a beta particle is emitted, the mass number of a nucleus
stays the same
The spontaneous disintegration of a nucleus into a slightly less massive and more stable nucleus, along with emission of particles or radiation or both
Radioactive Decay
What percentage of the original amount of carbon-14 remains in a 20 g sample after two half-lives?
25%
Elements with more than 92 protons in their nuclei.
Transuranium Elements
The sun and other stars produce energy by this process
Fusion
Type of radiation where there's No change in mass and no change in charge
gamma rays
Electron emitted from a nucleus
Beta particle
Phosphorus-32 has a half-life of 14.3 days. How many milligrams of phosphorus-32 remain after 71.5 days if you start with 4.00 mg of the isotope
0.125mg
Scientists can synthesize a transuranium element by________________________
artificial transmutation of lighter elements
The splitting of the nucleus of a large atom into two or more fragments
Fission
Thes are processes that change the identity and number of protons in a nucleus
Fission, Fusion & Transmutation
Radiation with most penetrating power
Gamma rays
The half-life of Cobalt-60 is 5.3 years, the fraction of a sample remaining after 10.6 years
1/4
A subatomic particle theorized to be among the basic units of matter.
Quark
When the particle that starts a nuclear reaction is also one of the products, the process is a_________________
Chain reaction
Type of decay when:
Mass number decreases by 4, charge decreases by 2
alpha particle
Used in Radioactive dating
Carbon-14
What is the half-life of an isotope if 125 g of a 500 g sample of the isotope remain after 3.0 years
1.5 years
During Nuclear decay the atoms of one element can change into atoms of a different element. T/F
True
At present Fusion Reactors can be used to produce energy in reactors. T/F
False
an instrument that detects radiation by counting electric pulses carried by gas atoms ionized by radiation
Geiger Counter