Carbs, carbs, and more carbs
What are the three monosaccharides?
Glucose, fructose, galactose
What type of fat is linoleic acid?
omega-6, polyunsaturated
How many amino acids are essential and non-essential?
9 essential
11 non-essential
maltose, lactose, sucrose
Why are saturated fats normally solid at room temperature?
No double bonds allows for packing together more closely (stick of butter is a good example of this)
What are the three branched chain amino acids?
Leucine, Isoleucine, Valine
Normal range of blood glucose in mg/dL
70 - 100
anything less than 100 mg/dL*
Medium chain fatty acids have how many carbons?
6-12
I weigh 248 pounds and want to consume a high protein diet of 3.2g/kg of bodyweight as I begin cutting weight to prepare for a bodybuilding contest. How many calories of protein is this?
248 pounds / 2.2 = 112.7 kg
112.7 kg * 3.2 grams = 360.6 grams
360.6 grams * 4 calories / gram = 1,442.4 Cals
The carb meal I ate has a glycemic index of 52; is that high, low, or medium?
High: >/= 70
Medium: 55-69
Low: < 55
What are the three types of lipids?
Triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids
What are the 4 categories of side groups of amino acids?
Polar, non-polar, acidic, and basic
What structure releases epinephrine in the human body and causes what effect on glycogen?
Adrenal glands (sits on top of kidneys)
Glycogenolysis
What is considered high and low for HDL cholesterol and what is considered very high and optimal for LDL cholesterol (must be within 10 mg/dL)
HDL: high > 59; low < 40
LDL: Very high > 190; optimal < 100
What structural category determines the overall shape of the protein strand?
Tertiary