Definitions 1
Protraction
Movement of a body part forward
Supination
Movement of the palm upward.
Three characteristics of the knee joint.
•Largest and most complex synovial joint
•Consists of 3 bones:
•Femur: Medial and lateral condyles of distal end
•Tibia: Medial and lateral condyles of proximal end
•Patella: Articulates with anterior surface of femur
•Strengthened by many ligaments and tendons
•Cushioned by bursae, fat pads
•Menisci separate femur and tibia
•Modified hinge joint between condyles of femur and tibia
•Plane joint between femur and patella
•Movements: Flexion/extension, and some rotation when knee is flexed
Articulating surfaces of the hip joint.
Head of femur, acetabulum of hip bone.
Name three functions of joints.
•Functional connections between bones
•Bind parts of skeletal system together
•Make bone growth possible
•Permit parts of the skeleton to change shape during childbirth
•Enable body to move in response to skeletal muscle contractions
Muscle insertion
More moveable end of a muscle attachment.
Retraction
Movement of a body part backward
Major ligaments of the hip joint.
Major ligaments of shoulder joint.
coracohumeral, glenohumeral, transverse humeral
Name three lifespan changes of joints.
•Joint stiffness is an early sign of aging
•Many people develop arthritis as they age
•Fibrous joints first to change; can strengthen, however, over a lifetime
•Cartilage in synchondroses stiffens
•Ligaments lose elasticity
•Changes in symphysis joints of vertebral column diminish flexibility and decrease height (due to water loss from the intervertebral discs)
•Synovial joints lose function, as capillary supply diminishes
•Disuse hampers the nutrient supply to joints; speeds up stiffening
•Activity and exercise can keep joints functional longer
Extension
Increased angle size of a joint.
Medial rotation
Movement of limb so anterior surface moves toward midline.
Articulations of the shoulder joint
Head of humerus and glenoid fossa of scapula.
Major ligaments of elbow joint.
Radial collateral, ulnar collateral, annular ligament.
Name the structural classifications of joints.
Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synoval.
Dorsi flexion
Circumduction
Movement of a part of body in circular path.
Six types of synovial joints
Ball and socket, condylar, plane, pivot, saddle.
Three characteristics of shoulder joint.
•Ball-and-socket
•Head of humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula
•Loose joint capsule
•Ligaments prevent displacement
•Glenoid labrum
•Several bursae
•Very wide range of movement, including rotation, circumduction
Name the three types of fibrous joints.
Syndemosis, suture, gomphosis
Eversion
Turning of foot so plantar surface faces away from midline
Plantar flexion
Movement of the top of the foot away from the shin.
Parts of a synovial joint.
•Articular cartilage
•Joint capsule
•Ligaments
•Synovial membrane
•Synovial cavity
•Synovial fluid
•Meniscus (-i) in some joints
•Bursa (-ae) in some joints
Articulations of elbow joint.
Between trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna
Name the functional classifications of joints.
Synarthrotic, Amphiarthrotic, diarthrotic.