Unit 1
This is the belief that the Chinese king's right to rule came from the gods.
What is the Mandate of Heaven/Divine Right of Kings?
These were inns along trade routes, mostly along the Silk Road
What were Caravanserai?
This was the document of complaints that Luther made against the Church.
What was the 95 thesis?
This refers to the production of maps.
What is cartography?
This person was an enlightenment thinker known for writing "The Wealth of Nations."
Who was Adam Smith?
This religion was prominent during the Song Dynasty and is heavily based on the importance of family relationships and ethics.
What is Confucianism?
This was an incredibly powerful empire with a strong army that, at its peak, stretched all the way from Poland to China.
What was the Mongol Empire?
This person, an "absolute ruler" of his time, was known and referred to as the "Sun King."
This person, sponsored by France, is known for discovering the St. Lawrence River.
Who was Cartier?
This revolution was based on the themes of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity (brotherhood).
What was the French Revolution?
This person was Muhammad's successor through an election.
Who was Abu Bakr?
This translates to "Universal Ruler."
What is Chinggis Khan?
The ruler of the Mughal Empire during its most successful and expansive period.
Who was Akbar?
Spain and Portugal had to resolve territorial disputes among each-other after discovering ocean routes to the Americas and the Indian Ocean.
Why, mainly, did Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas?
This enlightenment thinker was an activist for women's rights and is famous for her writings and hatred against the "Cult of Domesticity."
Who was Mary Wollstonecraft?
This is the term for a value of the Song Dynasty, which was that their political leaders should earn their positions of work and influence.
What is Meritocracy?
It marks one of the first times that Europe and Asia were connected so that their products and cultures could be shared and exchanged.
Why was the Silk Road so important to history?
These were offered in the Roman Catholic Church during the Reformation. One would buy these in order for their sins to be forgiven.
What were indulgences?
This person was an explorer who was best known for his expeditions into India. He was also titled the governor of India in 1524.
Who was Vasco de Gama?
This is a belief that "knowledge comes from sensed experience and observation."
What is Empiricism?
The civil service exam gave lower-class individuals a chance at getting a better job than they would usually get according to their social ranking. Since the test was designed to let people work for the government based on their knowledge of Confucianism, everyone had a chance at a higher-ranked job. Since the exams were written with woodblock printing, literacy rates skyrocketed.
What impact did the Civil Service Exam have of the social culture of the Song Dynasty in China?
The invention of paper revolutionized the Silk Road by making paper currency and increasing literacy rates drastically. Paper money improved the economy because different areas would have paper money unique to their own area. Trading was less necessary because of paper money. Literacy rates helped with communication across the Silk Road.
How did the invention of paper have the potential to drastically change the Silk Road?
Gold – Nations were always looking for new sources of wealth. God – Europeans believed it was their duty to bring Christianity to the world's non-believers. Glory – Explorers wanted fame and honor for both themselves and their countries.
What were the meanings of "Gold, God, and Glory" in exploration?
The countries that participated in trade (Europe, Asia, India, Africa) began gaining much more wealth; however, they also became involved w/ commercial rivalries which led to the Seven Year's War. Exploration also furthered the spread of technology (ships, sails, navigational instruments, and wind/currents knowledge).
How did exploration affect the economic and political environment of the countries involved?
With the creation of identical, interchangeable parts, unskilled workers could find employment in factories, the production of goods could be greatly increased, and repair and replacement of parts became much easier.
What was the significance of interchangeable parts when they first came to be?