MATTER&ENERGY
CHANGES OF STATE
CHANGES OF STATE
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid and gas
What is the definition of a Chemical Bond?
electrical forces that reflect a balance in the forces of attraction and repulsion between electrically charged particles. Hold atoms together in molecules and keep ions in place in solid ionic compounds.
What refers to the quantitative study of the reactants and products involved in a chemical reaction?
Stoichiometry
A set of relationships between the pressure, volume, kelvin temperature and moles of a gas are known as?
Gas Laws
two categories of water soluble substances.
electrolytes and non-electrolytes
Explain a phase change when matter changes to from one state (solid, liquid, gas, plasma) to another.
These changes occur when sufficient energy is supplied to the system (or a sufficient amount is lost), and also occur when the pressure on the system is changed.
Forces between cations & anions are called?
electrostatic attractions
The atomic mass displayed on the periodic table is the mass (in grams) of what measure of each element?
one mole
When high pressure and low temperature are present a gas is referred to as blank________. When PV=nRt is used the gas is said to be Blank ________.Fill in the answer.
real
ideal
They are substances that produce ions when they dissolve in water.
What are Electrolytes
What is intermolecular interaction? what is its role in states of matter?
Intermolecular forces are the forces which mediate interaction between molecules, including forces of attraction or repulsion which act between molecules and other types of neighboring particles, e.g., atoms or ions. Liquids have less intermolecular forces then solid but higher than gases.
What bonds have a net attractive electrostatic forces that hold cations and anions together, form ionic crystals.
The molecular mass of a compound is measured in what units?
atomic mass units (amu)
At constant T and n, the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related P1V1=P2V2 Always convert to kelvin is known as what law?
Boyle's law
What are 3 Examples of Electrolytes?
salts
acids
base
What are five forms of energy?
Mechanical, electrical, thermal, light and chemical.
A bond between two non-metals where the atoms are bonded by a shared pair of electrons is called?
Covalent Bond
What are the four state symbols commonly used in chemical equations?
(s), (l), (g), (aq)
amount of solutes dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature is known as.
What is solubility?
Non-electrolyte solutions do not conduct electricity because?
They lack the ions needed to carry the electrical charge.
What is energy change?
The conversion of one form of energy into another, or the movement of energy from one place to another.
valence electrons play a fundamental role in chemical bonding, metals and non-metals transfer electrons to form ionic bonds, non-metals share electrons to form covalent bonds, tend to try and acquire 8 atoms in their valence shell except for H, Li, and Be which try and acquire 2. is called what theory
The Lewis Theory
the amount of solute per unit volume or mass of solvent or of solution is called?
concentration
Number of molecules of a substance are called?
moles
A mixture that appears the same throughout
(homogenous) and is mixed at the molecular level
A solution