Maslow's Hierarchy
divides human needs into five categories: physiological, safety, social, ego, and self-actualization.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
refers to proper reasoning.
logos
asks the audience to make a moral judgment about the worth of an idea or object.
Proposition of Value
show how to do something. Showing how to do something yourself.
Demonstration
reasons from specific instances to a general conclusion.
induction
food, water, oxygen.
Physiological
refers to the use of emotions to motivate an audience.
pathos
calls on your audience to believe that something was, is, or will be true.
Proposition of fact
explaining the process, typically through visual aids. Explaining how to build a house.
Process
reasoning from general truth to specific situations.
deduction
belonging, family, groups.
social needs
is an appeal based on the audience’s perception of the speaker as a credible source who reflects character, intelligence, and goodwill.
ethos
calls for the audience to agree with a change in the status quo.
Proposition of policy
defines something by answering questions.
definition
information that helps you draw a conclusion
evidence
self satisfaction, status, freedom.
esteem needs
should reinforce or change the beliefs, attitudes, or actions of the listeners.
persuasive speech
refers to the current way something is being done
status quo
informs by describing anything that can be observed. Object, place, event. Imagery and concrete wording to visualize the subject.
description
a process that uses evidence and reasoning to support a claim or proposition.
argumentation
feeling that we are living up to our potential.
self actualization
focuses on the reasons for an event or the results. Interconnection of events or ideas.Explain why something happened or what led up to it.
Explanation
a formula for deductive reasoning that includes a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion
syllogism