Electrolyte
Function
Function
controls and regulates volume of body fluids
What is sodium
Cause of low Sodium imbalances in the body?
What is: Excessive GI losses: vomiting, NG suctioning, diarrhea
- burns, GI obstruction
- Increased ECF volume
- Excess of water in the plasma
pH: 7.25
PCO2: 60
HCO3: 26
S/S of Respiratory Acidosis
What is: hyperventilating, SOB, fatigue, confusion, drowsiness
What causes dehydration?
What is: insufficient intake or excessive loss of fluids.
nerve impulse, blood clotting, muscle contraction, b12 absorption
What is Calcium?
Causes of excessive potassium in the body
What is: increased intake of potassium, movement of potassium out of the cells, and inadequate renal excretion
pH: 7.45
PCO2: 49
HCO3: 34
what is metabolic alkalosis?
S/S of Respiratory Alkalosis
What is: muscle spasms, numbness/tingling, irritability, dizziness, and nausea
What are the S/S of fluid volume excess?
Edema, elevated BP, JVD, tachycardia, Bounding pulse, pulmonary congestion, crackles, confusion, headache
chief regulator of cellular enzyme activity and water content
What is potassium?
What is: increased calcium output, inadequate calcium intake, calcium shift from ECF into bone or to an inactive form
pH: 7.36
PCO2: 34
HCO3: 19
S/S of metabolic alkalosis
What is: confusion, hand tremors, N/V, seizures, coma, muscle twitching/cramps
Causes of hypervolemia:
What is: excessive sodium intake from IV fluids, diet, or medications
- changes to cardiovascular and kidney functions
- chronic stimulus to kidney to conserve sodium and water( heart failure, cirrhosis)
involved in important chemical reactions in the body, cell division, and hereditary traits
what is phosphorus?
What leads to high magnesium levels?
What is: kidney or adrenal impairment, increased intake of medications containing magnesium (laxatives, antacids)
PCO2: 16
HCO3: 12
S/S of metabolic acidosis
What is: confusion, fatigue, hyperpnea, N/V, lethargy
signs and symptoms of Hypovolemia
Decr skin turgor, tachycardia, weak pulses, hypotension, confusion, dry skin, dry mucous membranes, concentrated urine
metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins, vital actions involving enzymes
what is magnesium?
Causes of hypercalcemia
What is: thiazide diuretics or long term glucocorticoid use, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism
PCO2: 48
HCO3: 31
What is Metabolic Alkalosis
Not sure what to put here
WOOT WOOT
What output should be considered in I&Os
urine, diarrhea, vomit, feces, sweat, gastric secretions, blood