History and philosophy(A) and Professional roles with service providers (B)
A trainee begins to establish a professional identity by:
a. purchasing liability insurance.
b. joining ACA.
c. acquiring knowledge of human behavior.
d. reviewing professional and personal characteristics of a counselor.
d. reviewing professional and personal characteristics of a counselor.
The council that reviews counseling programs for accreditation is the:
a. Council for Mental Health Programs.
b. American Psychological Association.
c. Council for Accrediting Counseling and Related Education Programs (CACREP).
d. American Association for Counseling and Development.
Self-care as defined by the Wheel of Wellness is based upon:
a. Disease and illness model
b. Adlerian model of leisure
c. Mental and physical disorders
d. Human growth and behavior
d. Human growth and behavior.
Myers, Sweeney and Witmer (2000) model is a multidisciplinary focus grounded in theories of human growth and behavior.
A counselor has become aware of negative statements regarding this counselor’s practice and ethical behavior made by another counselor that was stated in a public forum. This counselor believes them to be unfounded and untrue. These statements made in public may be considered:
a. slander.
b. libel.
c. vicarious liability.
d. interrogatories.
a. slander. Slander is oral and libel is written dishonesty.
An interrogative is a type of subpoena in which you are provided a list of questions, and you are required to provide answers. This subpoena, as well as your answers, should be reviewed by your attorney (Remley & Herlihy, 2005).
The model of supervision that does not rely on being didactic rather helps the supervisee draw on his or her own resources, learn to behave independently, and make changes and attend to the positive in both the counselor and the client is:
A- NARRATIVE
B- SOLUTION-FOCUSED
C- SYSTEMATIC
D- REFLECTIVE
SOLUTION FOCUSED
The individual given credit for the founding of psychology is:
a. Sir Francis Galton.
b. Wilhelm Wundt.
c. James McKeen Cattell.
d. Sigmund Freud.
B. Wilhelm Wundt
Which of the following corresponds directly to clinical training and an ethical code?
a. Licensure
b. Business license
c. Standard of care
d. Certification
d. Certification. Licensure does as well but requires additional requirements such as an examination, required years of work experience, and supervision.
First responders such as safety officers (police, fire, volunteers) often encounter repeated stressful situations and are themselves affected. It is recommended that first responders are observed for coping skills of resiliency after responding to a crisis or trauma. All of the following actions or techniques are considered helpful to those responders affected by the disaster except for?
a. Mindfulness technique
b. Resiliency training
c. Stress reduction
d. Separate self from the crisis activities
d. Separate self from the crisis activities.
Debriefing activities encourage the first responder to recognize their coping skills (resiliency) and honor their feelings regarding the impact a crisis has on the person.
Most standards of care or practice in the mental health field recommend that counselors adhere to all
of the following except:
a. following a professional code of ethics.
b. following all mental health disciplines standards of care.
c. seeking consultation and supervision with colleagues.
d. maintaining accurate documentation.
b. following all mental health disciplines standards of care.
The profession dictates that the clinician adhere to the standard of care for the credentials of the individual. In addition to a, c, and d additional agreed upon behaviors include engaging in continuing education, practicing within the scope of training and expertise, following applicable standards of care, obtaining legal consultation and ensuring that professional malpractice policies are maintained (Corey, Corey, & Callahan, 2003; Patrick, 2007).
Considered to be the supervisory role includes all of the following except:
a. Monitor client welfare
b. Encourage compliance to legal, ethical and professional standards
c. Monitor clinical performance
d. Hold a degree greater than the counselor being supervised
d. Hold a degree greater than the counselor being supervised.
In addition to a, b, and c as roles for a supervisor the supervisor is to evaluate and certify current performance.
When techniques or procedures are a part of the client treatment protocol the counselor is
accountable for all of the following except:
a. that the treatment is grounded in theory.
b. there is empirical support.
c. document the treatment protocol in the chart.
d. the treatment is to have had at least two literature supported effectiveness studies.
d. the treatment is to have had at least two literature supported effectiveness studies.
Although effectiveness studies frequently endorse a treatment of choice it is not required in the ACA Code of Ethics. Option a. and b. are highlighted in C.7.a. for the scientific bases for treatment modalities, if the treatment is not supported Section C.7.b. and C.7.c. provides guidance regarding risk. Documenting the applied treatment is expected as it relates to monitoring (C.2.d. Monitor Effectiveness).
The designation that a professional has met certain predetermined qualifications and those qualifications are a non-statutory process by which an agency or association grants recognition is:
a. certification.
b. licensure.
c. accreditation.
d. standard of care.
Answer: a. certification.
A non-statutory process by which an agency or association grants recognition to an individual for having met certain predetermined professional qualifications (Fretz & Mills, 1980).
A counselor desires to advocate for the passage of a bill that will allow counselors to admit clients to a hospital for treatment. The influence of most importance regarding the counselor’s action is:
a. through a lobbyist.
b. an in-person issue visit.
c. an individualized e-mail.
d. a phone call.
b. an in-person issue visit (from the counselor).
In using an intervention with a client of diversity the counselor may hold a biased view or perception that limits or denies a client access, equity and success through counseling. One possible reason this barrier might exist is that the counselor gives excessive weight to which one of the following?
a. family and personal life issues or economic conditions.
b. individual factors such as genetics or psychological constitution in explaining individual or
social behavior.
c. it is a lack of support from the mental health field.
d. a personal view that these changes and client rights are to begin at the federal level.
b. individual factors such as genetics or psychological constitution in explaining individual or social behavior.
Prilletensky (1994, 1997) attributes that there is excessive weight given to individual factors such as genetics or psychological constitution in explaining individual or social behavior.
Lerner (1998) believed that the lack of a sense of social causality by counselor views and that frustrations of the family and the personal life of clients are failings of the family and the individual client. In using culturally appropriate intervention strategies counselors are to be aware of institutional\ barriers that prevent minorities from using mental health services and to have knowledge of biases in assessment procedures.
A supervisee has agreed to receive supervision with a particular supervisor. The supervisor would state that the supervisee is to commit and agree to which of the following: (select as many as you consider
important)
a. Share the treatment plan with the client
b. Adhere to all policies of the counseling agency
c. 3,000 hours of clinical experience
d. 30 continuing updating hours each year
e. Reveal all personal information about yourself
f. Meet over dinner to discuss particulars about the situation
a., b.
NCE questions have not requested two answers to check and if there were two they would be combined. F.4.a. (consent) and F.4.c. (standards) informed consent for supervision describes
expectations for supervision.
A counselor was interviewed by a newspaper reporter regarding a specialty technique and skill. When the article appeared in the newspaper the writer had included an additional area of expertise as a part of the therapist’s credentials. The counselor was not trained in that additional skill. The counselor should:
a. do nothing as the counselor did not inform the writer of this skill area.
b. call the writer and inform him/her that you are not an expert in one of the areas the reporter had listed.
c. make an effort to acquire some expertise in the area since it was mentioned in the article and could provide additional clients.
d. write a statement to the paper addressed to the editor for a reprinting of the article with the stated corrections or a statement to that effect.
d. write a statement to the paper addressed to the editor for a reprinting of the article with The stated corrections or a statement to that effect.
This misrepresentation is not of the counselor's doing; however, since it did occur the counselor is obligated to make the effort to insist on the correction. A written statement is a good record of your ethical response to rectify the concern. See C.3.a (counselors identify their credentials in an accurate manner), C.3.c. (statement by others), C.4.a. (accurate representation), and C.8.a. (personal public statements).
The ACA sub-division that is responsible for spear heading the development of CACREP is:
a. ASGW.
b. ACES.
c. AMHCA.
d. AAC.
ACES (Association Counselor Education and Supervision)
A client who has been in counseling for three sessions shares that he is seeing another counselor but for a different reason. The appropriate action of the counselor is to:
a. respect the client's right to see whomever he desires.
b. continue counseling with the client once it is determined that this counseling is for different
purposes.
c. request that the client tell the other counselor that he is also seeing a second counselor.
d. secure a written release to contact this counselor to discuss the counseling.
d. secure a written release to contact this counselor to discuss the counseling.
This is the preferred behavior. Once you have secured the release the counselor can contact the counselor and determine the nature of the other relationship. Acquiring this information allows the counselor to determine if by accepting this client the counselor would or would not be working at cross purposes to the other counselor. See ACA Code A.3. (clients served by others).
The client is a 46 year-old African American female ready for discharge after 19 sessions for major depression. She is the owner of a small jewelry store in the city. Her presenting complaint was a loss of interest in her jewelry business and considered selling until her 23 year old son discouraged her from selling until she was feeling better. The client has regained her energy level, sleep restoration, spirited laughter, and re-engaged in her social life. In compliance with the initial contract Lucy agreed to inform the counselor at least one session before closure that she would be discontinuing counseling. During that session she told the counselor she intended to bring her a gift she knew that the counselor would appreciate. Prior to the last session the counselor was in supervision and was concerned about Lucy’s statement about a gift. What type of concerns would the supervisor likely bring up for Lucy to process? Select as many as you consider ethical and legal.
a. The cost (value) of the gift
b. Reciprocity of a return gift
c. Ethnicity of the client
d. Countertransference
e. Family members
f. Counselors motivation for wanting or declining the gift
a., c., f.
The Code of Ethics (A.10.f.) recommends a consulting process for the supervisor-supervisee to consider when receiving or accepting gifts. The counselor is to process with the supervisor the cost of the gift, the race and culture of the client, and the counselor’s reasons for accepting the gift.
Which one of the following was not one of the reasons vocational guidance evolved into a comprehensive career guidance definition?
a. Awareness of personality dynamics in vocational choice and work adjustment
b. The lack of a psychological approach to vocational guidance
c. Knowledge of individual differences
d. Developmental view of the individual
b. The lack of a psychological approach to vocational guidance
The most recent sub-division to the American Counseling Association is the:
a. Counselors for Social Justice
b. Association for Creativity in Counseling
c. Association for Child and Adolescent Counseling
d. Association for Adult Development and Aging
c. Association for Child and Adolescent Counseling. ACAC became an affiliate in the fall of
2011 with 450 signatures and needed 500 members to become a sub-division of ACA (ACA.Org)
Counselor A becomes aware that counselor B is unethically taking advantage of certain clients. A few of counselor B's clients are stockbrokers and conversations early during each session interactions are frequently over "hot" stock tips. Counselor B has made it known he acted upon a few of these tips and has done well. Counselor A should:
a. make an informed resolution by approaching counselor B and informing him this behavior is inappropriate.
b. consider that this behavior could affect a relationship issue between counselor A and B, therefore, inform the clinical director.
c. view this as an illegal act and report this behavior to the state ethics committee.
d. consider it is the client’s choice to share this information and that this material is covered by the confidential rule or privilege and the client is not harmed.
a. make an informed resolution by approaching counselor B and informing him this behavior is inappropriate per Informal resolution (I.2.a.). Since counselor B has made it known that he has encouraged this sort of talk during each session and has acted on some of the tips, counselor A is certainly free to interact with counselor B regarding the unethical nature of his behavior.
For eight weeks the counselor provided Mr. Albert with psychoeducation and supportive therapy for early onset of Alzheimer’s disease. During the eighth week the client told the counselor that he thought whatever the counselor was doing was not helpful. The counselor asked the supervisor what alternative approaches might be recommended in addition to the standardized therapies? (Select as many as you consider helpful)
a. Provide Mr. Albert the truth that there is no therapy for Alzheimer’s
b. Seek consultation from a hypnotherapist
c. Trauma focused therapy
d. Physical exercise
e. Use of music
f. Continue psychoeducation and supportive therapy
g. Short-term memory training
d., e., f., g.
a. Research continues to advance the study of the brain, medication and therapy for this disorder.
b. There is little to no support for hypnotherapy as a treatment.
c. Not indicated
d. Flow of oxygen to the brain spurts growth of new brain cells. It is recommended a client might
commit 15 minutes a day of exercise to delay or reduce the risk of Alzheimer.
e. Music therapy is associated with right brain activation
f. Yes, supportive therapy during the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease would be helpful.
g. Right brain training provides gains using games, and memory games.