MDD
How long must someone have symptoms in order to be diagnosed with MDD?
At least 2 weeks.
Are rates of PTSD higher among women?
True
What 2 groups are consistently at a higher risk for eating disorders across the board?
Adolescent girls/young women and LGBTQ+ folks.
Who is more likely to be diagnosed with Autism? Males or Females?
Males
What is the difference between Trichotillomania and Dermatillomania?
Trich is a hair-pulling disorder, whereas Derm is a skin-picking disorder
What are two examples of treatment options for MDD which are NOT medication based?
CBT, ACT, Behavioral Activation, Psychodynamic therapy, ECT, transcranial magnetic stimulation.
What are 2 medication-based options for treating PTSD?
SSRIs, SNRIs, Antipsychotics, and MDMA is experimental.
What are the two specifiers for anorexia nervosa?
Binge-purge and restrictive
What are the three specifiers for ADHD?
Predominantly inattentive, Predominantly impulsive/hyperactive, and lastly combined.
What population is most likely to be diagnosed with Illness Anxiety?
Adolescents
What criteria must an individual meet in order to be considered in remission from MDD?
They need to have fewer than 2 symptoms for at least 2 months.
What are 3 comorbidities of PTSD (Physical or Mental Health)
Substance abuse disorder, chronic pain, MDD, suicide, GAD/other anxiety disorders, behavioral changes, and life impairment.
What are 3 health complications that bulimia can cause?
Dehydration, Severe tooth decay, Ulcers and inflammation of the esophagus, Gastrointestinal complications, Cardiovascular complications, and Injury due to over-exercising
What is ASD Characterized by? This is not the specific diagnostic criteria.
Social interaction and communication deficits, Inflexible repetitive behaviors, and Atypical interests.
What are the three biological factors that can contribute to someone having Body Dysmorphic Disorder?
Visual Processing Disturbances, Genetics, and Serotonin Disruption
What are 3 comorbidities of MDD?
Panic Disorder, OCD, Anorexia, Bulimia, and BPD.
What are 2 pros of Prolonged Exposure Therapy and 2 pros of Cognitive Processing Therapy
PET: Very effective, abbreviated options look promising, and it is relatively short.
CPT: Less scary than PET, stills works if the individual has unclear or multiple traumatic events, is effective, and is less time-consuming.
What are 4 examples of treatment options for eating disorders?
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), Family-based therapy, Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), Radically Open DBT, Medical care and monitoring, Nutrition education, SSRIs to treat co-occurring symptoms (fluoxetine is very common), Cognitive dissonance, Body Compassion, Media Literacy
What are three treatment options for ADHD?
CBT, Behavioral Management Techniques, Non-Stimulants, Pharmacotherapy (Medications/Stimulants).
What are 3 comorbidities associated with Illness Anxiety?
Somatic symptom disorder, OCD, GAD, PTSD, Psychosis, Bipolar disorder, Histrionic personality disorder, Orthorexia and Exacerbation
What are five symptoms of MDD according to the ICD-11?
Depressed mood, loss of interest and enjoyment, reduced energy and diminished activity, reduced concentration and attention, reduced self-esteem and self-confidence, feelings of guilt or unworthiness, bleak/pessimistic views of the future, ideas or acts of self-harm or suicide, sleep disturbances, and diminished appetite.
What are the four core elements that PTSD symptoms are categorized under?
1. Exposure to an event or situation of an extremely threatening or horrific nature.
2. Re-experiencing
3. Avoidance
4. Heightened Threat Perception
What are the diagnostic requirements for Binge Eating Disorder according to the ICD-11?
Recurrent episodes of binge eating (These episodes must occur at least once a week for at least three months.), the binge episodes are not paired with compensatory behaviors aimed at losing weight, symptoms cannot be better explained by another medical or mental condition and marked distress or significant impairment in ones life (e.g., social educational, etc).
What are 5 comorbidities that are associated with ASD?
Epilepsy, Intellectual Disability (ID), ADHD, Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, Fragile X syndrome (FXS), Anxiety disorders, Depression, Bipolar Disorder, and Sleep problems
What are the 4 symptoms of Trichotillomania according to the ICD-11?
Recurrent pulling of one’s hair, Unsuccessful attempts to stop or decrease hair pulling, Significant hair loss resulting from pulling behavior and the symptoms result in significant distress or significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.