Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
Streams
Glaciers
100
What is weathering?
The process of breaking down rocks into sediments.
100
What is erosion?
The transportation of sediments.
100
What is deposition?
The placement of sediments after they are eroded.
100
What is the #1 factor determining the velocity of a stream?
Slope of the land/gradient
100
What is the shape of a valley eroded by a glacier?
U-shaped
200
What is the most common type of physical weathering in New York State?
Freeze-thaw
200
What agent of erosion formed the landform depicted below?
Wind
200
Assuming up is North, what direction are the waves coming from?
Northwest
200
The largest sediment size a stream with a velocity of 0.5 cm/sec is
Sand
200
What are the scratches on the rocks below called and what were they caused by?
Glacial striations, caused by glaciers
300
What is the texture and appearance of a rock that has been weathered by a stream or ocean for many years?
Smooth and rounded
300
What is an oxbow lake and how does it form?
A "horseshoe" shaped lack that forms when a meander overflows its stream bed into a neighboring channel, cutting off the lake from the rest of the stream.
300
Assuming North is up, what direction does this drumlin indicate the glacier was moving?
Northwest
300
What is a watershed?
an area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas.
300
What agent of erosion is responsible for creating the topography of New York State?
Glaciers/Ice
400
Give two examples of physical weathering.
Freeze-thaw, plant roots, abrasion, exfoliation, etc.
400
In which stream is erosion happening the fastest? Explain your reasoning.
Stream A. This is a young stream with a straight channel and steep gradient.
400
Will more deposition occur on the inside or outside curve of a river?
Inside
400
How are sediments deposited by streams arranged?
Sorted and layered
400
How are sediments deposited by glaciers arranged?
Unsorted and unlayered
500
Give three examples of chemical weathering.
Oxidation, carbonation, hydration, lichens
500
What is a floodplain?
A large, lateral area along the sides of rivers in old age that forms after many years of flooding.
500
What is the last sediment size deposited by a stream?
Clay
500
What is one difference between a "mature" stream and stream in "old age?"
Oxbow lakes, shallow "U" profile
500
While a glacier is moving, a large chunk of ice breaks off and gets stuck in the ground. Many years later, this chunk of ice is buried and later melts. What glacial feature forms?
A kettle lake.