The Genetic Material
The first major experiment that led to the discovery of DNA as the genetic material was performed by who.....?
who is Frederick Griffith
What is the DNA helicase responsible for...?
what is responsible for unwinding and unzipping the double helix
What does RNA have that DNA doesn't....?
What is sugar ribose, the base uracil replaces thymine, and usually is single stranded
What is the analogy for the normal mutation type....?
What is THE BIG FAT CAT ATE THE WET RAT
In what year was a new type of mutation discovered that involves an increase in the number of copies of repeated codons.....?
What is 1991
What is a nucleotide......?
what are subunits of nucleic acids and consist of five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
What are the three main stages of semiconservative replication....?
what is unwinding, base pairing, and joining
What are the three major types of RNA....?
What is messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA)
Why is the trp operon referred to as a repressible operon.....?
What is because transcription of the five enzyme genes normally is repressed or turned off
In what year did Watson and Crick publish a one page letter in the journal Nature that suggests a structure for DNA and hypothesized a method of replication for the molecule deducted from the structure.....?
What is 1953
What happens when viruses infect bacteria...?
What is they attach to the outside of the bacteria and inject their genetic material
How long is each Okazaki fragment...?
What is one hundred to two hundred nucleotides long
What was the hypothesis that Beadle and Tatum came up with known as.....?
What is "one gene-one enzyme" hypothesis
What is gene regulation?
What is the ability of an organism to control which genes are transcribed in response to the environment
In what year did Franklin join the staff at King's college...?
What is 1951
What four scientists joined the search for the DNA structure......?
Who are Rosealind Franklin, Maurice Wilikins, Francis Crick, and James Watson
What happens when a DNA polymerase comes to an RNA primer on the DNA....?
what is removes the primer and fills in the place with DNA nucleotides
What happens during transcription...?
What is the DNA code is transferred to mRNA in the nucleus. mRNA then can take the code into the cytoplasm for protein synthesis
What are the two main sets of transcription factors do...?
What is one set forms complexes that guide and stabilize the binding of the RNA polymerase to a promoter. The other set includes regular proteins that help control the rate of transcription
In what year did Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase publish results of experiments that provided definitive evidence that DNA was the transforming factor....?
What is 1952
What are the seven most important parts of a DNA structure...?
What are cytosine, guanine, adenine, thymine, hydrogen bonds, deoxyribose sugar, and phosphate group
What happens when the double helix is unzipped....?
What is the hydrogen bonds between the bases are broken, leaving single strands of DNA. Then, proteins called single-stranded binding proteins associate with the DNA to keep the strands separated during replication
Which coding sequence remains in mRNA and which does not....?
What is exons remain and introns do not
What happens when a mutation in a body cell escapes the repair mechanisms.....?
What is it becomes part of the genetic sequence in that cell and in future daughter cells
In what year did George Beadle and Edward Tatum provide evidence that a gene can code for an enzyme.....?
What is 1940's