Enzymes
enzymes are catalysts which means?
they speed up chemical reactions
what does the digestive system do
Digestion includes the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into nutrients, the absorption of nutrients, and the elimination of waste.
what are proteins made of
amino acids
what are reactants and products
reactants are compounds that enter into a chemical reaction. products are compounds produced by a chemical reaction.
Enzymes play key roles in?
-Regulating chemical pathways
-Making materials the cell needs
-releaing energy
-Transferring information
name 3 parts of the digestive system
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
what molecules compose proteins
C, H, O, and, N, sometimes S
what is activation energy
initial energy needed to start the chemical reaction
what is the substrate of the enzyme
the reactants
what are the other structures that aid in digestion
salivary glands, pancreas, and liver.
how many different R-groups are there
20
what does denatured mean
Enzymes that lose their shape and can no longer function are said to be “denatured”
what is the specificity of an enzyme determined by
the active site
where does digestion begin and with what type of digestion ocuurs
in the mouth with mechanical digestion
what do protiens act as
Act as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies
what would cause denature
high temp and high pH
When the substrate binds with the active site of the enzyme what is that called
an enzyme-substrate complex
what coats the inside of the stomach
mucus
what are the 4 levels of protien structure
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, and, Quaternary
what is the optimum pH value in humans
6-8