Industrial Inventions
Enlightenment
Industrial Revolution and Effects
Revolutions
Nationalism
100
The founding of this invention was made necessary by the development of larger machinery that required large power sources and an expanded labor force. This invention lead to increased productivity, urbanization, technological advancements, and moved production out of cottage industries.
What is the factory system?
100
Rights granted to all people by nature or God that cannot be denied or restricted by any government or individual; are often said to be granted to the people by "natural law". Argued by John Locke that if a ruler does not protect these, it should be overthrown.
What are natural rights?
100
The new economic and political ideology/movement that spurred by workers' opposition to poor conditions in factories.
What is Socialism?
100
Revolution sparked by colonial resistance to the British with the ultimate goals of building an independent nation, claim equal rights for all under the rule of law, establish self-governance, and become a self-contained member of the European state system.
What is the American Revolution?
100
A strong sense of pride in one’s culture, ethnic group, or country. A.k.a, having a big ego
What is nationalism?
200
One of the most important inventions of the second Industrial Revolution that revolutionized land transportation and impacted the world economically, politically, and socially.
What are railroads?
200
Early Feminist and author of A Vindication of the Rights of Women, who’s views were inspired by the French Revolution, Enlightenment Philosophies, and an Emphasis on reason.
Who is Mary Wollstonecraft?
200
Air pollution, as shown in this image, resulted from the increased use of this fossil fuel for energy.
What is coal?
200
Under Costa’s System, the mix of aborigines and Spanish
What are Creoles?
200
A coalition starting in the late 1870’s of various groups favoring modernist liberal reform of the Ottoman Empire. It was against monarchy of Ottoman Sultan and instead favored a constitution. In 1908, they succeeded in establishing a new constitutional era.
What are Young Turks?
300
The purpose of this invention was to generate power from the chemical energy contained in fuel and released through combustion of the fuel inside the energy. The development of this invention helped to free men from the hardest manual labor, made forms of transportation such as airplanes possible, and helped revolutionize power generation.
What is the internal combustion engine?
300
-Belief that the universe is fundamentally rational and be understood through the use of reason/logic alone
-Everything has a cause and effect, which can be discovered through observation and experimentation
-Human experience is the foundation of human understanding of truth, not authority
-Religious doctrines have no place in the understanding of the physical and human worlds; Natural law makes the universe run
What are main ideas of the Enlightenment?
300
Between 1750 and 1900, India and China's share of World Manufacturing Output fell while the World Manufacturing Output of the United States and Europe's rose because of this.
What is the Industrial Revolution?
300
The 10-month to 1 year period in France headed by Maximilien Robespierre where anyone suspected of being an anti-revolutionist, against the French Revolution or the revolutionary government, was arrested. Over 17,000 were beheaded by the guillotine during this time (including Marie Antoinette and Olympe de Gouges).
What is the Reign of Terror?
300
Leader of Egyptian modernization in the early 19th century. He ruled Egypt as an Ottoman governor, but had imperial ambitions. His descendants ruled Egypt until overthrown in 1952.
Who is Muhammed Ali?
400
The purpose of this invention was to transmit electrical signals over a wire laid between stations. Not only did this invention transform how journalists and newspapers conducted business, but it also transformed how wars are fought and won.
What is the telegraph?
400
Author of The Social Contract and believed that by joining together into a civil society through the social contract and abandoning their claims to natural right, individuals can both preserve themselves. This is because submission submission to the authority of the general will of the people as a whole guarantees individuals against being subordinated to the wills of others and also ensures that they obey themselves because they are, collectively, the authors of the law.
Who is Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
400
These workers felt that new technology would diminish employment and protested by conducting rights that would sometimes become violent and destroy factories.
What are the Luddites?
400
The world’s largest and most successful slave revolution where slaves in the French providence of Saint-Domingue rose up to end slavery, gain independence from France, and become the first country created by former slaves.
What is the Haitian Revolution?
400
Chancellor of Prussia from 1862-1871, when he became chancellor of Germany. A conservative nationalist, he led Prussia to victory against Austria (1866) and France (1870) in order to create a sense of national unity; assisted German unification (1871).
Otto von Bismark
500
Innovations in transportation and communication helped nations develop a sense of shared identity that helped led to this.
What is nationalism?
500
A political ideology that emphasizes the civil rights of citizens, representative government, and the protection of private property. This ideology derived from the Enlightenment, was especially popular among the property-owning middle class. Supported by Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill.
What is Liberalism?
500
As a result of the Industrial Revolution, women and children as young as 5 years old worked in factories. After the second Industrial Revolution, the following adjustments were made:
-Reduction of the work day from 16 hours to 12 hours for children between the ages of 11 and 18 in textile factories.
-Reduction of the work day from 16 hours to 8 hour for children between the ages of 9-11 in textile factories.
-Restriction from children under the age of 9 to work in textile factories.
What are child labor laws?
500
A series of revolutions that started as a result of Creole and Mestizo discontent of Spanish colonization and rule. The short-term impact of these revolutions was the immediate liberation of countries in the region but resulted in inadequate administration, instability, and increased poverty in the long run.
What are the Latin American Revolutions?
500
Because Japan’s Meiji rulers feared the military power of industrialized nations, Japan decided to undergo this period of westernization and Industrialization. As a result, Japan rose as the lead nation in Asia.
What is the Meiji Restoration?