Column 1
Why were the travelers called pioneers?
They were the first group to move into a new land and make a new home.
Name 5 states nowadays which made up the Oregon Territory
Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming
What year did Oregon become a state? 100 BONUS POINTS if you can tell the exact day
1859 - Valentine’s Day
How did people hear about the faraway place called Oregon?
newspapers, they heard stories
How did pioneers know which direction to travel on the trail?
they used landmarks - rocks, trees, water holes, notes
What were covered wagons also called and WHY?
prairie schooners because they looked like boats with sails
What would happen if you started your trip too early or too late in the season?
spring rain caused mud and you could get stuck and there was no grass for cows to eat.
you could get caught crossing mountains in a heavy winter snowstorm
Name two dangers of crossing rivers.
wagons tipped over
supplies were lost or got wet
Name 2 of the responsibilities of the wagon train leader or captain. 100 BONUS POINTS if you can name 4 responsibilities.
ride ahead
make sure everything was ok
decide the route
decide when to stop for meals
People with what kinds of jobs traveled west? Name 4.
100 BONUS POINTS if you can name at least 8
farmers, bakers, shoemakers, storekeepers, blacksmiths, carpenters, missionaries, lawyers, artists, teachers
Where would pioneers sleep on the Trail? (4)
wagon, tent, under wagon, under stars
How many miles would you travel in one day AND how many miles would you travel altogether on your trip?
10-15 miles per day
2,000 miles
Name 3 ways you could cross a river. 100 BONUS POINTS if you can explain how animals got across.
flat boats called scows would take wagons across
ferry
rafts
*animals swam across
What did pioneers use buffalo chips for and why?
buffalo chips because there was very little firewood
How did pioneers make butter while they traveled?
They hung a can of milk from the wagon. As the wagon bounced dow the trail, it created butter.
What were some problems pioneers encountered along the Trail? (3)
mud, dust in the eyes of people & animals - can’t see the trail
sickness
What were 4 ways to get your wagons over the mountains?
borrow oxen for uphill
lock wheels for downhill
use rope to lower wagons downhill
lighten the load
When trading, Native Americans wanted ___________, while pioneers wanted____________
moccasins
cloth, red paint, glass beads, metal fishing hooks
What SUPPLIES did you bring in your wagon? (8)
cloth, thread, saws, axes, tents, medicine, needles, leather, hammers, knives, candles, plates, knives, forks, cups
What types of FOOD would you bring in your wagon? (8)
crackers, flour, bacon, dried meat, dried fruit, potatoes, beans, cornmeal, yeast, eggs, rice
What was a pioneer's daily schedule like?
4 am - wake up, start a fire, cook breakfast, round up cattle, load wagons
7 am - get on the trail and travel until lunch
lunch - eat and rest for 1-2 hours
4-6 pm - stop for the day
Name 5 chores kids were responsible for on the trail. 100 BONUS POINTS if you can name 9.
milked cows, fetched water, watched cattle, helped cook, washed dishes, helped skin & prepare buffalo/deer/animals, collected buffalo chips for fire, shook out blankets, hung beef jerky
What types of animals did you see along the trail? name 5. 100 BONUS POINTS if you can name 10.
buffalo, prairie dogs, rattlesnakes, owls, wolves, coyotes, jackrabbits, wild turkeys, sage hens, lizards, antelope, mosquitoes
Name the forts along the way. 100 BONUS POINTS if you can tell something you could do there.
Fort Laramie, Fort Bridger, Fort Hall
Name 5 famous landmarks pioneers could easily recognize.
Chimney Rock, Soda Springs, Devil’s Backbone, Independence Rock, Steamboat Springs