Chapter 14 Pt 2
What enzyme converts dihydroxyacetone into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate?
triose phosphate isomerase
What is the most important enzyme of the Calvin cycle?
Rubisco
What enzyme is similar to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?
Alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
Complex I transfers electrons from ____ to ____
NADH; ubiquinone
What enzyme activates fatty acids?
Fatty acyl-coA synthetase
What enzyme performs the opposite duty of phosphofructokinase-1?
Fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase-1
Name an enzyme that is regulated to control glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and describe how it is regulated?
Hexokinase - sequestration
PFK-1 FBPase-1 - allosteric
Pyruvate kinase - allosteric and phosphorylation
Pyruvate carboxylase - allosteric
What is the purpose of citrate synthase?
Oxaloacetate + acetyl-coA to citrate
What is the difference between photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation?
Photophosphorylation reduces water to oxygen; oxidative phosphorylation oxidizes oxygen to water
Where is fatty acid oxidation/synthesis regulated?
Acetyl-coA carboxylase
What is the function of lactate dehydrogenase?
Convert pyruvate into lactate and vice versa
What is the product of glycogen phosphorylase?
Glucose 1-phosphate
What enzyme converts succinate to fumarase?
Succinate dehydrogenase
1.5
What enzyme transfers fatty acyl coA into the mitochondria?
Carnitine acyltransferase
What enzyme converts fructose-6-phosphate to fructose 1,6 bisphosphate?
Phosphofructokinase-1
What structure does glycogen synthase use to create glycogen?
Plants convert acetyl-CoA to ____ through the ____ cycle.
Succinate; glyoxylate
Complex III transfers electrons from ____ to ____
Ubiquinol; cytochrome c
How many FADH and NADH2 are produced from each round of beta-oxidation?
1; 1
What are the two branches of the pentose phosphate pathway?
Oxidative and nonoxidative
If insulin levels are high, how will glycogen phosphorylase behave?
It will be downregulated
How many NADH and FADH2 are produced from one round of the citric acid cycle?
3; 1
How does cyanide differ from 2,4 DNP?
Cyanide blocks the binding of oxygen; 2,4-DNP decouples proton transfer from ATP production
isomerase