I am "GERM"an
END in OAXCIN
EXAMPLES:Azithromycin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, and quinolones.
These are Broad spectrum antibiotics that treat both gram negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
USE WITH CAUTION, can cause antibiotic resistance. Nursing considerations are to teach the patient they need to complete the medication as directed. Failure to complete treatment results in antibiotic resistance.
END in IDE, TIDE, LINIDE
glipizide, glyburide, glimepride
Oral hypoglycemic agents.
Teach S/S of hypoglycemia, encourage patient to eat well balanced meals and get exercise.
Dizziness, drowsiness, and stomach discomfort
END IN PRIL
examples:Lisinopril
ACE inhibitors:
Common side effect is cough because of the bronchoconstriction that occurs with ACE inhibitors use in CAUTION WITH COPD PATIENTS
USE IN CAUTION IN AFRICAN AMERICAN PATIENTS:
CAN CAUSE ANGIOEDEMA
Antidote to opioids or narcotics
Naloxone/Narcan Can be given nasally or SQ
Nursing considerations: can cause abrupt opioid withdrawal, V FIB, V Tac, Cardiac arrest, seizure, dyspnea, nausea, and vomiting
10 mg SQ x 1, 1 actuation in each nostril, may repeat in alternative nostril every 2-3 minutes until responsive or EMS arrives.
WHen do you hold opioid medication?
If the respiratory rate is below 12 or the patient is unarousable.
End in MYCIN
examples are gentamicin, amikan, tobramycin, neomycin, and streptomycin
What is Aminoglycosides
Used to treat resistant organisms, and severe infections of the abdomen and urinary tract.
Major side effects include kidney injury, hearing impairment and vestibular toxicity (inability to have stable eye movement during active head movement)
END in GLIPTIN
Sitagliptin, saxagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin
Inhibitor of DPP-4 enzyme - inhibits activity in the peripheral plasma to prevent inactivation of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide in the peripheral circulation.
CAUTION, Can cause pancreatitis. Patient's should be instructed to take once daily without regards to meals. Take at same time every day.
ENDS IN SARTAN
Losartan, olmesartan, valsartan
ANgiotensin II receptor antagonist
Treat HTN, CHF, and diabetic Neuropathy and often used in place of people who can not tolerate ACE inhibitors. CAN CAUSE HYPOTENSION
CONSIDERATIONS, use in caution who are volume depleted, on diuretics. Divide doses if patient is tired on medication, Use lowest possible dose in geriatric patients
Antidote to Warfarin/ Coumadin
Vitamin K
during WAR, Vitamin K Kills WARdrin
Preventative measures for opioid induced constipation
Stool softeners. daily exercise.
Fluids, fiber, fruit- "FILL THE TOILET"
END FLOAXIN:
Ciprofloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin,
Fluoroquinolones
Used to treat respiratory infections such as TB, sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, UTI's. Treat both gram-positive and gram-negative rods. Can cause tendon disorders including swelling, pain, and rupture. WORSEN MYASTHENIA GRAVES
ENDS in Glitazone
What is thiazolidinedione
decrease blood glucose by increasing insulin sensitivity
CAN CAUSE HEARTFAILURE
ENDS IN VAPTAN
Conivaptan and tolvaptan
Vasopressin receptor antagonist
Blocks Antidiuretic hormone, used to treat hyponatremia associated with SIADH, CHF patients on fluid restriction
NOt to be used to to treat low sodium with neurological symptoms until sodium is corrected.
Antidote to magnesium Sulfate
Calcium Gluconate
"Maggie calls for help"
MAG- Magnesieum. Call- Calcium
When a body becomes adaptive to the drug, or the body is Used to it, it is known as this:
What is opioid tolerance
END IN CLYCLINE
Minocycline, doxycycline
WHat is Tetracyclines:
Used to treat acne and skin infections
AVOID SUNLIGHT, Causes GI upset, tooth discoloration. (children should use a straw), do not use in pregnancy.
Lantus, Levemir, Toujeo, tresiba, basaglar are examples of this.
Long acting insulin
Inject under the skin, abdomen, upper arms, or thighs, onset is 3-4 hours, last 24 hours
May decrease potassium and magnesium, Should check blood sugar every 6 hours, teach S/S of hyperglycemia/hypoglycemia
ENDS IN IDE or SEMIDE
Furosemide, budesonide, torsemide
LOOP Diuretics
Can cause severe hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis, dehydration, and ototoxicity.
Do not use with patients who have electrolyte imbalances, hepatic coma, or sensitivity to Sulfa drugs
Daily Double
Grace's joke of the day:
How many Surgeons does it take to change a light bulb?
None, they just hold it in the air and wait for the world to revolve around them
When the body goes through "withdrawls" and experiences negative effects when the medication is stopped
Opioid dependence
END in CEF CEPH
Cephalexin, Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Cefazolin, Cefdinir
Cephalosporins
Is transmitted through breast milk. Drinking alcohol causes severe headaches, flushing,
USE IN CAUTION WITH PCN ALLERGIC PATIENTS
treats skin, ear, and respiratory infections.
Novolog, Humalog, NPH, Levemir are examples of this.
What is short acting insulin
Should be stored in a cool space away from sunlight. patient needs to be eating or eat within 15 minutes of administration. Check blood sugar. Teach patient that diet and exercise can affect needed insulin dose.
This is a potassium sparing diuretic often given with loop diuretics to help prevent hypokalemia
ALdactone/Spironolactone (Blocks testosterone, should not be taken in pregnant patients, or patients trying to become pregnant. Often used in treatment of Acne, PCOS
Triameteren
Anti dote for an insulin reaction
GLUCAGON
Daily Double:
Grace's Joke of the day:
Why do nurses hate to be outside?
TOO MUCH POISON IVY!