Sedimentary rocks
How are sedimentary rocks formed
Sedimentary rocks are made from pre-existing rocks or pieces of once-living organisms.
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Metamorphic rocks form when rocks are subjected to high heat, high pressure, hot mineral-rich fluids or, more commonly, some combination of these factors. Conditions like these are found deep within the Earth or where tectonic plates meet.
What is the melted rock below Earth's surface?
Magma
How is igneous rock transformed into metamorphic rock?
The application of heat and pressure
Reasons engineers need to know about rocks?
To build safe and strong bridges, roads and tunnels.
What are three different types of sedimentary rocks?
Three sedimentary rocks are chalk, sandstone , and rock salt.
what are three different metamorphic rocks?
marble,gneiss, and phyllite
What is the name of magma that reaches Earth's surface?
Lava
What happens when metamorphic rock melts and then cools?
It becomes magma and then becomes igneous rock.
What kind of engineer is responsible for making sure a bridge is correctly designed and built?
A civil and/or structural engineer
Which type of rock is made from layers of sediment that are compacted and cemented together?
Sedimentary Rock
What causes the temperature at the center of the Earth to be high?
Magma
What type of rock are formed from melted rock?
Igneous rocks
What is compaction?
Layers of sediment become pressed together over time.
Which kind of engineer focuses on learning about the Earth?
A geological engineer
What causes the layers of sediments to cement together?
Weight
What causes rocks to squeeze together?
pressure
What does igneous mean?
Fire-made
How do sedimentary rocks change into metamorphic rocks?
Heat and Pressure
Give an example of how an engineer’s mistake involving rocks could harm people.
If an engineer did not learn about the rocks supporting his bridge foundation, and design and build the bridge appropriately, the bridge could break or collapse
Name one thing that moves sediments?
Ice
What types of rock can become metamorphic rocks?
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks
Name one type of igneous rock.
Granite, pumice, or obsidian
How do metamorphic rocks become sedimentary?
They break into sediments, then the sediments form a sedimentary rock.
What are things an engineer must take into consideration before building a dam?
Rock sizes, location, and type; weathering and erosion; how much water will flow to and through the dam; size of the dam; cost; safety issues; electricity generated; effects on the fish and wildlife around the dam, and upstream and downstream; how much land will be flooded; how many people and/or businesses will have to move and/or be affected; how long it will take to build; what it will cost to maintain it