Watson
Makes up Chromosomes and contains the genetic information for an organism
DNA
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine And Guanine
or
A T G C
The 4 Bases of RNA
Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine
or
A U C G
The base that pairs with Thymine (T) in DNA
Adenine (A)
The base that pairs with Cytosine (C) in DNA
Guanine (G)
Building block of nucleic acids, made up of sugar, phosphate and a base
Nucleotide
What is the enzyme that separates the DNA during replication and transcription?
Helicase
Which base is found in the RNA but not in DNA
Uracil (U)
DNA replication happens _________ cell division.
Before
How many bases make up a code for one amino acid and it is called _________.
3 ; Codon
DNA makes an exact copy of itself and this happens BEFORE Mitosis.
DNA replication
Type of RNA that transfers the amino acids to the ribosome to actually build the protein
tRNA
Who is credited with discovering the structure of DNA?
Watson and Crick
Random and permanent change in the genetic code
Mutation
Two factors that can influence or affect an organism’s traits
Environment and Genetic code
The process of making a mRNA copy of a gene from DNA
Transcription
The tRNA bases attach to the mRNA bases at the ribosome to assemble a protein.
(The process where mRNA is made into amino acids)
Translation
DNA---- RNA----Protein
The RNA takes the instructions from the DNA to turn into protein
Protein synthesis
Something that causes a mutation
Mutagen
Complete set of an organism's genes
(Hint: For humans it would stack 300 feet high)
Genome
Transcription occurs in the ________ of the eukaryotic cell
Nucleus
Structure in the cytoplasm where proteins are built
or
Translation occurs in the ___________
Ribosome
Building blocks of Proteins
or
A chain of ____ _____ make up a protein.
Amino Acids
Type of mutation that would involve moving a gene from one place to another
Chromosomal
_________ is a chart that shows the traits that are inherited over generations.
Pedigree