Key terms
______ are observable realities
Facts
This type of research focuses on one individual, or a few individuals
Clinical, or case study
The closer the number is to 1, the more _________ related the variables are, and the more predictable changes in one variable will be as the other variable changes.
Strongly
When only the researcher knows which participants are in the experimental group and which are in the control group
Single blind
Researchers must gain approval from an _______ prior to proceeding with an experiment
Institutional Review board
___________ are personal judgments, conclusions, or attitudes that may or may not be accurate
Opinions
This type of study is the observation of behavior in its natural setting.
Naturalistic observation
The closer the number is to 0, the __________ the relationship, and the less predictable the relationships between the variables become
When neither researchers or participants know who is in the experimental group and who is in the control group
Double blind
Researches are required to obtain ________ from participants
informed consent
Observer Bias
This type of study involves a list of questions that can be delivered in many ways
Surveys
If the variables are not related to one another at all, the correlation coefficient is _____
Zero
What is the placebo effect?
When people's expectations or beliefs are influenced or determined by their experience in a given situation
When deception has taken place in an experiment, researchers are required to do a ______
debriefing
The relationship between two or more variables
Correlation
This type of study observes the same group of individuals over an extended period of time.
Longitudinal research
When two variables change in the same direction, the correlation is _______
positive
This is the variable that is influenced/controlled by the experimenter
Independent variable
When animals are used in research, researchers must still aim to __________
minimize pain or distress.
A description of what actions and operations will be used to measure the dependent variables and manipulate the independent variabls
Operational Definition
This type of study relies on looking at past records or data sets to look for interesting patterns or relationships.
Archival research
When two variables change in different directions, the correlation is ________
negative
This is the variable that the researcher measures to see how much effect the independent variable had
Dependent variable
Two bits of information that must be included in informed consent are
Potential risks involved, implications of the research, notification that participation is voluntary, and notification that any data collected will be kept confidential.