The Universe, Galaxies, and Stars
What is the universe?
It is everything that exists, matter, radiation, and space.
List the six major components of the solar system.
The sun, the planets, moons, asteroids, comets and meteoroids are the major components of the solar system.
How often does the earth rotate?
it rotates every 23 hours and 56 minutes.
Name two components of topsoil.
Topsoil is a mixture of weathered rocks, the remains of dead plants and animals, air, water and small living animals.
What are rocks made of?
Thay are made of minerals which are naturally occurring chemicals compounds.
What force will determine the ultimate fate of the universe?
Gravity is one of the most fundamental forces of nature. Gravity is responsible for forming galaxies and stars and probably planets throughout the universe today.
How many planets are there?
There are eight planets after pluto got demoted from a planet to a dwarf planet in 2006.
What makes it day and night?
The parts of the earth's surface that face towards the sun are lit by it and are experiencing day. The Part of the earth that surface that face away from the sun are in darkness and are experiencing night.
Name the three main layers of the earth.
The core, mantle, and crust.
Thye are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
Describe a galaxy.
They are assemblages of stars, nebulae, and other interstellar material. They contain 100 billion stars, measures about 100,000 light years across.
Name the planets in order, starting with the one closest to the sun.
Mercury, venus, earth, mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
What are the phases of the moon?
They are new moon, Cresent (waxing), first quarter, gibbous(waxing), full moon, gibbous(wanning), last quarter, and crescent(wanning).
How are fossils formed?
They are formed when animals or plants are buried quickly after their death and full decay by micro-organisms doses do not take place.
What is the rock cycle that changes the three types of rocks?
Igneous rocks are eroded to form sediments, sediments are metamorphosed and may eventually be melted to become a new cycle of igneous rocks.
What are the three types of stars?
Theya are high mass stars, low mass stars, and intermediate mass stars.
Name inner and outer planets.
The inner planets are mercury, venus, earth, and mars. The outer planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
Describe the seasons.
Spring is when day and night are equal duration, and it starts in March. Summer is when day and are of equal duration and it starts in June. Autumn is when day and night are of equal duration, and it starts in September. Winter is when we have the shortest day, and it starts in December.
From what type of are fossils formed?
Fossils are formed from sedimentary rock.
What are the factors that change rocks?
Physical weathering, chemical weathering, biological weathering, erosion, movement, deposition, compression, heat/pressure, melting, and cooling.
Which observational feature of galaxies do you think first suggested that they might be rotating?
The arms of spiral and barred spiral galaxies. Thier appearance is similar to that produced by a spinning Catherine wheel. Astronomers have confirmed galactic rotation using more advanced scientific techniques.
Name other object in the solar system.
Asteroids, comets, and meteoroids.
How long is a year?
A year is 365.25 days long and it takes this time to complete an orbit around the sun.
Name the three main divisions that make up soil.
They are bedrock, subsoil, and topsoil.
Aluminum, calcium, iron, magnesium, oxygen, potassium, silicon, and sodium.