Fluid, electrolytes, and renal
A patient presents to the Emergency Room with a serum potassium level of 5.7 secondary to a high Spironolactone dosage. Which of the following orders should the nurse question for the patient's treatment?
1. Polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
2. Insulin
3. Lactated Ringers
4. Potassium restricted diet
3. Lactated Ringers
A patient is taking the intranasal corticosteroid Fluticasone (Flonase). Which of the following statements made by the nurse requires additional teaching?
1. "Do not use this medication for more than 5 days"
2. "This medication should be taken 2-3 weeks prior to allergy season"
3. "This medication causes vasoconstriction and reduces tissue edema"
4. "This medication may cause nose bleeds"
1. "Do not use this medication for more than 5 days"
Which of the following statements is true regarding the administration of the Gardasil vaccine?
1. It should be given as soon as patients become sexually active.
2. It prevents warts from developing but does prevent HPV
3. Individuals need 4 doses each 6 months apart
4. This vaccine prevents cervical cancer
4. This vaccine prevents cervical cancer
A patient presents to the clinic with complaints of alopecia. With the basis of pharmacology in mind, the nurse recognizes that which of the following drugs may be prescribed to treat the patient's condition?
1. Mupirocin
2. Minocycline
3. Finasteride
4. Calcipotriene
3. Finasteride
A patient presents to the Emergency Department with complaints of tetany, diarrhea, numbness, and tingling around the mouth. Which medication should the nurse expect to be prescribed?
1. Calcitonin
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Magnesium Sulfate
4. 0.9% Normal Saline fluid bolus
2. Calcium gluconate
When assessing laboratory values in a client taking Hydrochlorothiazide, which of the following may the nurse expect to see?
1. Serum potassium of 5.6
2. Serum sodium of 155
3. Serum calcium of 7.14
4. Serum calcium of 11.3
4. Serum calcium of 11.3
Which of the following drugs should the nurse advise a patient with asthma to take daily to reduce the number of asthma attacks? Select all that apply.
1. Theophylline
2. Ipratropium bromide
3. Beclomethasone
4. Albuterol
5. Zafirlukast
3. Beclomethasone
5. Zafirlukast
When educating a newly diagnosed cancer patient about the side effects of Vincristine, the nurse should educate the patient about which life-threatening effect:
1. Bone marrow suppression
2. Nervous system toxicity
3. Cardiotoxicity
4. Bone marrow toxicity
2. Nervous system toxicity
A patient has been prescribed a Prostaglandin Analogue for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma. Which of the following should the nurse advise the patient to report immediately?
1. Blurred vision
2. Itching and stinging of the eye
3. Discoloration of iris and eyelid
4. Redness of the conjunctiva
3. Discoloration of iris and eyelid
What is the action of miotics in the client with glaucoma?
A. Decrease the inflammatory process
B. Enhance aqueous outflow
C. Increase the production of vitreous humor
D. Vasoconstrict the blood vessels in the eye
B. Enhance aqueous outflow
To evaluate the effectiveness of Furosemide (Lasix) in a patient with fluid volume overload secondary to congestive heart failure, the nurse should note:
1. Increase in blood pressure
2. Decreased pulmonary crackles
3. Increased urinary output
4. 2+ peripheral edema
5. Decreased respiratory rate
2. Decreased pulmonary crackles
3. Increased urinary output
5. Decreased respiratory rate
A patient is prescribed an Albuterol prn for asthma attacks. During the medication reconciliation, the nurse should alert the provider if the client also reports taking:
1. Diphenhydramine
2. Beclomethasone
3. Zfirlukast
4. Sudafed
4. Sudafed
Which of the following demonstrates the effectiveness of colony-stimulating factor in a patient undergoing chemotherapy for stage IV leukemia?
1. Low WBC count
2. Lack of nausea pre and post-treatment
3. High neutrophil count
4. Increased red blood cell count
3. High neutrophil count
A patient is prescribed a beta-adrenergic blocker for the treatment of glaucoma. Which of the following should the nurse closely monitor while the patient is on this drug?
1. Eye discoloration
2. Heart rate
3. Pain level
4. Blurry vision
2. Heart rate
Which of the following individuals should the nurse recognize the contraindication for the use of Isotretinoin (Accutane) in?
1. A patient whose religion prohibits the use of birth control via medication
2. A patient diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder
3. A patient being treated with severe depression
4. A female patient who is allergic to estrogen birth control pills
5. A patient who works full-time and cannot make follow-up appointments
6. A female patient who bottle-feeds her 2-month-old child
1. A patient whose religion prohibits the use of birth control via medication
3. A patient being treated with severe depression
5. A patient who works full-time and cannot make follow-up appointments
When caring for a patient with peripheral edema, the nurse should recognize that which medication takes priority in the body's mechanism of fluid shift?
1. Foursoemide (Lasix)
2. 3% Normal Saline
3. Albumin 5%
4. 0.45% Normal Saline in Dextrose
3. Albumin 5%
A patient has just received 2 doses of Albuterol Sulfate for the treatment of an anxiety attack. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a side effect of Albuterol administration?
1. Sedation
2. Heart rate of 112
3. Diarrhea
4. Tremors
5. Bradypnea
6. Hypotension
2. Heart rate of 112
3. Diarrhea
4. Tremors
The nurse is monitoring a client with leukemia who is receiving doxorubicin by intravenous infusion. The nurse should closely monitor for which finding that would indicate doxorubicin toxicity?
1. Numbness and tingling
2. Electrocardiogram (ECG) changes
3. WBC 3,550
4. Visual disturbances
2. Electrocardiogram (ECG) changes
A patient presents to the Emergency Department with complaints of severe eye pain, nausea, vomiting, headache, and a bloodshot left eye. Which medications will the nurse give and which parameters should be closely monitored?
1. Osmotics, pain
2. Osmotics, electrolyte levels
3. Beta blockers, IOP
4. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, blood pressure
2. Osmotics, electrolyte levels
A patient has been ordered NS 0.9% to be run at 100mL/hr for the next 48 hours. Which of the following signs should the nurse monitor for potential fluid volume overload?
1. Weak, thready pulses
2. Tachypnea
3. Hypotension
4. Pale, cool skin
5. Neck vein distention
6. Tenting
2. Tachypnea
4. Pale, cool skin
5. Neck vein distention
A patient is prescribed the medication Spironolactone for hypertension. Which of the following food choices should the nurse advise the patient to avoid or eat in moderation? Select all that apply.
1. Potatoes
2. Jello
3. Spinach
4. Dried fruits
5. Chicken
6. Pasta
1. Potatoes
3. Spinach
4. Dried fruits
Which of the following is the most important question to ask a client who is due to be prescribed a Beta 2 adrenergic agonist?
1. Do you have a history of anxiety?
2. Do you take any other medications?
3. How long have you been diagnosed with asthma?
4. When was your last EKG completed?
2. Do you take any other medications?
Which of the following statements should the nurse make to a patient who is due to begin chemotherapy in the next week?
1. "You should avoid pregnancy for 1 year"
2. "It is okay to receive a flu shot while receiving chemo"
3. "Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, alopecia, and weakness"
4. "You will need to have labs completed weekly while receiving chemo"
5. "You should wear a mask anytime you leave your home"
6. "You can use a hand-held razor and wide-bristled toothbrush only for the first month"
3. "Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, alopecia, and weakness"
4. "You will need to have labs completed weekly while receiving chemo"
5. "You should wear a mask anytime you leave your home"
A nurse is providing education to a teenage male on the medication Isotretinoin (Accutane). Which information should the nurse be sure to include in the discharge education?
1. A follow-up appointment with an OB/GYN for birth control
2. Need for frequent laboratory blood testing
3. Need to stop all antidepressants while taking this medication
4. Need to avoid direct sunlight for the first 3 months of taking this medication
2. Need for frequent laboratory blood testing