Key Concepts
a stereotype of a woman, often with multiple
children, fraudulently collecting public assistance benefits.
Welfare Queen
a self-perpetuating set of deviant behaviors
and attitudes assumed to be caused by intergenerational poverty
culture of poverty
The large, unfathomable but dangerous place in the city where poor Black people are concentrated
iconic Black ghetto
a place that is the center for a specified group, activity or interest
mecca
He coined the phrase culture of poverty
Oscar Lewis
a program to eliminate and replace severely distressed
public housing
Hope VI
a term that describes a specifically urban, very-low-
income population characterized by joblessness
Underclass
Residents of the iconic Black ghetto are assumed to display this
culture of poverty
In Islam, mecca is known as the birthplace of
The prophet Muhammad
The Declining Significance of
Race (1978) and The Truly Disadvantaged (1987) were written by this man
William Julius Wilson
describes educational and criminal
processes and policies that systematically push students out of
classrooms and into prisons
School to Prison Pipeline
These are the first two characteristics
people use as a base for their description of metropolitan geographies.
Area wealth and social class
The empirical evidence shows that teenage childbearing among Black people declined steadily after this decade
1960s
Three cities that are known as U.S. Black meccas
Harlem, Washington D.C. and Atlanta
This Civil Rights legislation separated the Black poor from middle-class role models
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The movement of middle-class Black professionals
into more white or middle-class spaces
Out migration theory
The process in the United States that influenced the idea that urban means poor and Black
suburbanization
He popularized the term welfare queen.
Ronald Reagan
Places filled with economic opportunity that
attract African Americans and become communities where enduring cultural practices are reproduced
Black meccas
After this war, various factors merged to transform the design, population, and reputation of public housing
World War II
This occurs across a variety of social
distinctions
Boundary work
The two main ways we understand and characterize urban landscapes in the United States
Race/ethnicity and social class
Acording to the reading, another term for underclass
ghetto poor
There is no universal and widely accepted
definition of a Black mecca. True/False
True
This bill played a critical role in the creation of the suburban white middle-class and the systematic exclusion of Blacks from homeownership
GI Bill