"A" is for?
Beta 2 agonist that stimulates adrenergic receptors or the sympathomimetic nervous system.
Albuterol
Schedule 2 Drug (Opioid analgesic)
Onset 1-3 minutes
Peak 3-5 minutes
Duration 30-60 minutes
Fentanyl
Adults: 1g IV infusion over 10 minutes. Pediatric: Not recommended.
Tranexamic Acid
Indications: Metabolic acidosis during cardiac arrest, tricyclic antidepressant, aspirin, and phenobarbital overdue, hyperkalemia, crush injuries.
Sodium Bicarbonate
Contraindications: Intracranial hemorrhage
Side effects: Extravasation leads to tissue necrosis.
Dextrose
Must be swallowed. Is not absorbed sublingually or buccally. Check a glucometer reading before administration.
Oral Glucose
Indications: Heart failure, pulmonary edema, and hypertensive crisis.
End in; ix
Furosemide (Lasix)
Inhibits interaction of acetylcholine at the receptor site of the bronchial smooth muscle.
Atrovent
Schedule 2 drug (Opioid analgesic)
Onset Immediate
Peak 20 minutes
Duration 2 to 7 hours
Adults:
Seizures: 0.2 mg/kg IN or IM max of 10mg
0.1 mg/kg IV max of 4mg
Procedural sedation: 0.5 to 2.5 mg IV
Chemical restraint: 5 mg IN, IV, IM
Midazolam (versed)
Indications: AMI, prophylaxis, and treatment of thromboembolic disorders (eg PE and DVT)
Heparin Sodium
Contraindications: Hyperglycemia and hypersensitivity
Side Effects: Dizziness, headache, hypertension, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, rebound hypoglycemia.
Can be used to reverse beta blockers and calcium channel blockers.
Glucagon
Must be kept in an airtight container. Will decompose when exposed to light or heat. If 12 lead ECG shows inferior wall infarct, rule out RV infarction via right side 12 lead ECG prior to administration.
Nitrogylcerin
Indications: PSVT, atrial flutter, AF, reduces myocardial ischemia and damage in patients with AMI.
End in; olol
Metoprolol Tartrate (Lopressor)
Inhibits the action of acetylcholine at the postganglionic parasympathetic neuroeffector site.
Atropine
Sedative
Onset 30 seconds
Peak Unknown
Duration 5 to 10 minutes
Ketamine
Adults
Anxiety/sedation 2 mg IV or 4 mg IM
Seizures: 0.1mg/kg IV max of 4mg
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Indications: VT, VF, Stable wide complex tachycardia with normal baseline QT interval.
Lidocaine
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to antihistamines, newborns or premature infants, children, and older adults and in patients with asthma, narrow-angle glaucoma, or patients taking MAOIs.
Side effects: drowsiness, sedation, seizures, dizziness, headache, and blurred vision.
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Only beneficial to counteract certain medications
Assist ventilations prior to administration to avoid sympathetic stimulation.
Repeat dosing may be required.
In cardiac arrest, there is little to no benefit.
Naloxone hydrochrloride (Narcan)
Indications: It can treat high cholesterol and triglyceride levels. This may reduce the risk of angina, stroke, heart attack, and heart and blood vessel problems.
end in; tor or stain
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Blocks Na, K, & C channels; prolong the action potential and repolariation.
Amiodarone
NSAID analgesic
Onset 10 minutes
Peak 1 to 2 hours
Duration 2 to 6 hours
Toradol
Adults
4 mg IV, IM, PO, SL may repeat every 10 minutes
Pediatric
0.15 mg/kg IV/PO max of 4mg
Ondansetron (Zofran)
Indications: Cardiogenic and septic shock, hypotension with low cardiac output states, distributive shock, second-line drug for symptomatic bradycardia.
Dopamine
Contraindications: Hypertension, underlying cardiovascular disease, and Epiglottitis
Side effects: Headaches, anxiety, fear, nervousness, respiratory weakness, palpitations, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, nausea, and vomiting.
Racemic Epinephrine
May cause syncope in asthmatic children. May increase myocardial oxygen demand.
Hint: multiple uses
Epinephrine
Indications: STEMI, moderate to high-risk NSTEMI, ACS, substitute for aspirin in patients unable to take aspirin.
end in; ix
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Slows conduction through the AV node. Can interrupt reentrant AV nodal pathways.
Adenosine
Schedule 2 drug (analgesic)
Onset IM Variable, IV 5 minutes, PO 15 to 30 minutes
Peak IM Variable, IV 10 to 20 minutes, PO 30 to 60
Duration 2 to 3 hours
Dilaudid
Adults
20 to 60 mg PO
Pediatric
1 to 2 mg/kg PO
Prednisone
Indications: Seizures of eclampsia, Torsades de pointe, VF/Pulseless VT that is refractory to amiodarone.
Magnesium Sulfate
Contraindications: Premature infants, systemic fungal infections, use with caution in patients with GI bleeding.
Side effects: Depression, euphoria, headache, restlessness, seizure, increased ICP, and pulmonary tuberculosis.
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
Should be given as soon as possible to all patients with suspected ACS as soon as possible after symptom onset.
Aspirin
Indications: To decrease heart rate, The force of myocardial oxygen demand in a patient experiencing an ACS. May be used in the treatment of specific forms of polymorphic VT.
end in; olol
Atenolol (Tenormin)