Medical
What type of drugs cause a patient's pupils to restrict and dilate?
Opiates cause pupils to restrict
Stimulants cause them to dilate
Name the parts of the airway.
Nose/mouth
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchiole
Alveoli
What is the GCS score? How do you grade it?
You have a patient with a 4-inch laceration on her calf and bleeding bright red blood. What should you do?
Pressure
guaze
tourniquet
What does Derma mean?
SKin
You have an unconscious patient who is jaundiced and you notice a shunt in the left arm. What should you suspect?
Renal failure
Best route to give meds for Anaphylaxis
IM
A 19yo has a midshaft deformity on the right femur. How do we treat?
ABC
Traction splint
Check PMS
Mechanism of injury may result in upgrade to hospital
A 56yom is supine in bed and is responsive only to pain stimuli. His vitals are BP 108/64 HR 52 R 6 and SPO 78%. What should you do?
BMV
What does Lipo and or Adipose mean?
They are both terms for fat or fatty tissue
What are the signs of a hypoglycemia patient vs a hypoglycemia patient?
What is the difference between Alkalosis and acidosis?
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Respiratory acidosis is when your lungs can't remove all the carbon dioxide that your body produces, so your blood pH is lower (more acidic) than normal. Respiratory alkalosis is when hyperventilation prevents your lungs from removing excess carbon dioxide, so your blood pH is higher (more basic) than normal.
How much fluid do you give to a burn patient?
20ml/kg
You arrive on scene for a gunshot patient to the chest. He has an open wound that is bleeding and bubbling. What do you do first if he is conscious and breathing?
Apply a gloved hand to stop the bleeding and seal the hole until you are able to a occlusive dressing on
What does Myso-/Myo mean?
Muscle
Name the different types of shock and explain
Cardiogenic
Hypovolemic
Septic
Anaphylactic
Neurogenic
What are hypocarbia and carpopedal spasms?
Low CO2
Carpopedal spasms are frequent and involuntary muscle contractions in the hands and feet. In some cases, the wrists and ankles are affected. Carpopedal spasms are associated with cramping and tingling sensations. Though brief, these spasms can cause severe pain. Muscle contractions in the body are normal.
Why are circumferential full-thickness burns so serious?
Blood flow to the underlying and distal tissue may cause restriction and loss of limb
You have an 80yo male who was out in the heat and complains of headache, nausea. He is confused and hot and dry. Vitals are BP 90/55 HR 96 R18 SpO2 88%
What do you suspect is going on and how should you correct it?
Heat stroke
Begin active cooling vs passive cooling
If a word ends in "ectomy" what does that mean?
Removal of a tissue or a part
Ex.
Hysterectomy, vasectomy, Mastectomy
What is renal calculi and how do you treat a patient for it? (Break word down)
An anaphylaxis patient and no EPI pen, How do you administer EPI?
Administer 0.3 mg of Epinephrine 1 mg/mL IM using either dose-specific clearly
marked line or color-coded syringe. (Note 1 mg/mL = 1:1000)
Repeat IM epinephrine every 5-15 minutes for up to 3 injections if patient is not
responding.
A 21 yo may have a Le Fort III fracture. What is that and what is the major concern?
This fracture is the most severe form of maxillofacial injury and is considered a true craniofacial disjunction of the midface from the cranium.
A 22 year old female was kicked by a horse and is now complaining of back pain and dizziness. Skin is warm and dry but her vitals are BP 74/50 HR 84 R20. What time of shock do you suspect?
Neurogenic Shock because she is hypotensive because her vasculature below the level of the injury has dilated and created distributive shock
What does IO mean?
Intraosseous needle