Mechanisms
Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophies follows which pattern of inheritance?
X-linked (recessive)
What areas are affected first in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy? (lower limb or upper extremities)
Lower limb first, then upper extremities
Both Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophies involve what gene?
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) gene
Main muscle involved in hip flexion
What is the Iliopsoas
Both Duchenne and Becker involve which mutated protein?
Dystrophin
Muscle replaced with fat/connective tissue is known as?
Pseudohypertrophy
Duchenne
Phase of gait where the foot is planted on the ground
Dystrophin helps maintain muscle membrane by binding to transmembrane proteins. Which transmembrane proteins does Dystrophin bind to?
α and β Dystroglycan
(connects with the extracellular matrix)
Myonecrosis causes muscle enzymes to spill into the bloodstream. What enzyme is typically most elevated in Muscular Dystrophy patients?
Creatine Kinase
(Also AST, ALT, Aldolase)
Dystrophy is defined as diseases that effect what part of skeletal muscles?
Skeletal Muscle Fibers
Longest muscle in the body
What is the sartorius
Name of the local depolarization caused by ACh binding to nicotinic ACh receptors on a muscle fiber?
Endplate potential
What is the clinical term for DMD patients using their hands to push themselves up from a chair?
Gower's sign
Myopathy diseases effects what part of skeletal muscles?
Structural proteins