Week 1
the innermost layer of Earth, located beneath the mantle
core
rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies
igneous
a break in Earth’s crust where masses of rock slip past each other
fault
the process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary
subduction
the name of the single landmass that broke apart 200 million years ago and gave rise to today’s continents
Pangaea
the thin, rocky outer layer of Earth, above the mantle
crust
rock that forms from other rocks as a result of intense heat, pressure, or chemical processes
metamorphic
pieces of Earth’s crust and uppermost mantle (together called the lithosphere) that causes change in Earth’s surface by their movements
tectonic plates
a major belt of volcanoes that rims the Pacific Ocean
Ring of Fire
the hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth’s surface
continental drift
the layer of rock between Earth’s crust and core
mantle
rock that forms from the weathering and erosion of other rocks (these sediments are deposited, compacted, and cemented)
sedimentary
the process of moving closer together
convergence
the process by which ocean floors spread from crests of mid ocean ridges. As material moves away from the ridge, new material replaces it along the ridge
sea-floor spreading
the part of the earths crust that makes up the sea floor. It is younger and denser than Continental Crust.
oceanic crust
the processes that wear away, loosen, and dissolve materials of the Earth's crust, then move those small pieces somewhere else.
weathering and erosion
molten rock found under the Earth’s crust, containing dissolved gases and solid particles. At the Earth's surface, it is known as lava.
magma
the process of moving farther apart
divergence
shapes, like mountains or hills that make up the Earth's surface.
landforms
The part of earths crust that makes up the continents. It is older and lighter than Oceanic crust.
materials or substances that occur in nature
natural resources
any remains, impressions, or traces of a living thing found in Earth of a former geologic age
fossil
a plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions
transform boundary
Type of heat transfer where fluids rise as they warm up, and sink as they cool down.
convection currents
Mass per unit volume.
density