Learning
Conditioned Stimulus is..
Stimulus that is initially neutral and produces a reliable response in an organism
Condition response is..
Reaction that resembles an unconditioned response but is produced by a conditioned stimulus
Memory is...
the ability to store and retrieve information over time
A lapse in attention that results in memory failure
absentmindedness
Intelligence is
The ability to use one's mind to solve novel problems and learn from experience.
When a neutral stimulus produces a response after being paired with a stimulus that naturally produces a response
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Type of learning in which the consequences of an organism’s behavior determine whether the behavior will be repeated in the future
The kind of memory that can hold information for hours to years.
long-term memory
The process by which we transform what we perceive, think, or feel into an enduring memory.
encoding
What are cognitive enhancers?
Drugs that improve the psychological processes that underlie intelligent performance.
Generalization
Process by which the CR is observed even though the CS is slightly different from the original one used during acquisition
Discrimination
Capacity to distinguish between similar but distinct stimuli
Retrieval is...
The process of bringing to mind information that has been previously encoded and stored in memory
Semantic encoding
The process of relating new information in a meaningful way to knowledge that is already stored in memory
What is the Flynn effect?
Accidental discovery that the average intelligence test score rises about 0.3% every year
Phase of classical conditioning when the CS and the US are presented together
Acquisition
What is sensitization?
A general process in which the presentation of a stimulus leads to an increased response to a later stimulus
What is the serial position effect?
A phenomenon that states the first few and last few items in a series are more likely to be recalled than are the items in the middle
The tendency to incorporate misleading information from external sources into personal recollections.
suggestibility
Crystallized intelligence...
the ability to apply knowledge that was acquired through experience
What kind of schedule is based on the number of responses needed to achieve reinforcement?
ratio schedule
What is a variable-interval schedule?
A behavior is reinforced on the basis of an average time that has expired since the last reinforcement
After having a portion of his temporal lobe removed, patient HM could not
form new memories
chunking
Combining small pieces of information into larger clusters
Fluid intelligence
the ability to solve and reason about novel problems