Nails
When the nail plate turns white with a distal band of reddish brown. In heart failure, diabetes, liver disease, and cirrhosis
Terry Nails
Example of macules
Moles, freckles, Tinea Versicolor (can be hypo/hyper-pigmented)
Produces clear liquids; makes lens change shape; controls thickness of of the lens
Ciliary Body Muscle
Defect in conductive phase
Conductive hearing loss; 1st part of pathway from external to middle ear
What is the most sensitive criteria of ABCDEF rule?
Evolution
Seen in people with COPD. Swelling of soft tissue at nail base. Vasodilation to distal digits.
Clubbing
Most common type of hair loss
Male and female pattern baldness and do hair pull test
Arteries v Veins
arteries are smaller in diameter and lighter
Medication that affects hearing
Aminoglycosides, aspirin, NSAIDs
Who has increased risk for melanoma?
Males
Nail thickening from toe fungal infection. Affects 1/5 of people older than 60.
Onychomycosis
Sudden onset of localized hair loss and also fungal scaly patches
Alopecia Areata; Tinea Capitis (ringworm)
Conditions that affect optic nerve and have enlarged blind spot
Glaucoma, papilledema, optic neuritis
Ear pain infections
Otitis externa and otitis media
Important risk factor for melanoma
Solar Lentigines (brown macules on sun exposed areas)
Punctate depressions on the nail plate from defective layering. Associated with psoriasis, dermatitis, arthritis
Pitting
Example of papule
Raised, small- molluscum contagiosum, guttate psoriasis
Common or concerning symptoms
change in vision, blurred vision, loss, floaters, flashing lights; eye pain, redness, tearing; double vision
Tinnitus + hearing loss + vertigo
Meniere disease
80% of skin cancers; ulcer in center, rolled border, pearly, translucent
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Infection of nail fold where they're red, swollen, with puss. The most common infection of the hand, usually from staph or strep
Paronychia
Thickening of the skin with accentuated skin marking; atopic dermatitis
Lichenification
Flashing lights with new vitreous floaters suggest what?
Detachment of vitreous body from retina and is emergent
Otoscopic exam- purulent v serous effusion
Purulent- bacterial; serous- viral URI
Precursor to SCC; erythematous patch
Actinic Keratosis