Laws and Legislation
School policies calling for automatic suspension or expulsion of students who bring forbidden items, such as drugs or weapons, to school or who engage in undesired behavior.
Zero-tolerance
An instructional approach in which students work together in groups to achieve learning goals.
Cooperative learning
This theory posits that learning occurs primarily though imitation, repetition, and rewards.
Behaviorism
Known for his work with young children and creation of the theory of cognitive development.
Jean Piaget
A management tool required for every student covered by the provisions of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. It must indicate a student’s current level of performance, short- and long-term instructional objectives, services to be provided, and criteria and schedules for evaluation of progress.
IEP or Individual Education Plan
Being required by law to report suspected child abuse or neglect.
Mandated Reporter
The time a teacher spends waiting for an answer after posing a question. Research indicates that good questioning practices involve giving students sufficient time to think about and respond to each question.
Wait-time
This theory emphasizes the individual and their needs as the starting point for learning.
Humanism
This researcher is known for creating the term, Zone of Proximal Development
Lev Vygotsky
Being required by law to report suspected child abuse or neglect.
Mandated reporter
This 1990 civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability.
Providing support (structure, clues, or help with remembering certain steps or procedures) when a learner is on the verge of solving a problem but cannot complete it independently.
Scaffolding
This theory posits that learning occurs primarily though connections formed in the brain.
Cognitivism
This researcher is known as a Humanist, creating a hierarchy of needs.
A requirement of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act that students with disabilities should participate in regular education programs to the greatest extent appropriate.
Least Restrictive Environment
This U.S. Law from 2015 includes provisions that will help to ensure success for all students and schools.
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
Also known as “multi-year teaching” is a simple concept in which teachers are promoted with their students to the next grade level and stay with the same students for 2-5 years.
Looping
This theory is based on the idea that learners actively build upon their own knowledge, and that reality is determined by their experiences as a learner.
Constructivism
Researchers and creators of Connectivism.
George Siemens and Stephen Downes
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act for 1974 outlines who may see a student's record and under what conditions. Federal funds will be denied to a school if it prevents parents from exercising the right to inspect & review their children's educational records.
The Buckley Amendment
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act from 1974 outlines who may see a student’s record and under what conditions. Federal funds will be denied to a school if it prevents parents from exercising the right to inspect & review their children’s educational records
The Buckley Amendment
The feeling of dislocation that people experience when they initially live in a foreign country and are going through the Stages of Acculturation.
Culture Shock
This theory posits that we learn when we make connections, or “links,” between various "nodes" of information, and we continue to make and maintain connections to form knowledge.
Connectivism
Known for an approach called, Multiple Intelligences, that identifies several areas of ability that people use to approach problems and create products.
Howard Gardener
In this case (1954), the supreme court ruled that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal and that laws requiring white and nonwhite students to go to different schools were illegal.
Brown vs. the Board of Education (of Topeka)