RNA
Name the three different types of RNA
- mRNA
-tRNA
-rRna
What are the four bases of the genetic code?
Guanine = Cytosine
What is the name of the mutation that involves one nucleotide only?
point mutation
Name three differences between DNA & RNA
RNA DNA
- Uracil vs Thymine
- ribose v deoxyribose
- single stranded v double stranded
Suppose you start with the DNA strand ACCGTCACT. What are the three amino acids does the complementary mRNA strand code for?
1. UGG = Tryptophan
2. CAG = Glutamine
3. UGA = STOP
A substance such as tobacco that can cause a genetic change is called a(n)
Mutagen
Describe the functions of the different types of RNA
rRNA - found in ribosomes on which proteins are assembled
tRNA - helps to move each amino acid to the ribosome.
How is the genetic code read?
3 bases at a time in the same direction
The information is lost
From which molecules are mRNA molecules transcribed
DNA
A molecule of tRNA includes a sequence of three nitrogenous bases called an anticodon. What is the role of the anticodon in the process of translation?
The anticodon binds to a codon on mRNA.
How can a mutation be beneficial to an organism?
It may help it to adapt to changing conditions or provide immunity to toxic substances
Which type or types of RNA contain a copy of the instructions that a gene carries?
mRNA only
When does translation stop?
The process of translation continues until the ribosome reaches one of the three codons: UAA, UAG, or UGA
A point mutation changes a codon in an mRNA molecule. Will the mutation affect the polypeptide that forms? Why?
Maybe!
Some codons are translated into two or more amino acids