Medical Terminology
What are the 3 main planes and the directions they go in
Sagittal plane: front back (Anterior-Posterior)
Frontal plane: side to side (medial-lateral)
Transverse plane: rotation(Superior-inferior)
What are the following types of muscles and their purpose?
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac- muscle of the heart, involuntary muscle, pump blood in circulatory system
Smooth muscle- found in many hollow internal structures, Involunary muscle,(the stomach, blood vessels, bladder) helps move substances along in the hollow organs
Skeletal muscles- attached to bones & moves skeleton, Voluntary muscle. purpose is to give support & movement
what do the 5 following terms mean?
Inversion
Eversion
Flexion
Extension
Circumduction
Inversion-rotate foot medially
Eversion-rotate foot laterally
Flexion-bending a joint resulting in a decreased joint angle
Extension-joint straightens/moves back to anatomical position
Circumduction- movement in a circular pattern; outlines a cone
Give 2 examples of these types of bones
Long bones
Short bones
Sesamoid bones (1 example)
Flat bones
Irregular bones
Long bones- Lower limbs: Femur, Tibula, fibula, metatarsals, Phalanges, Upper limbs: Humerous, Ulna, Metacarpals, and phalanges
Short bones- wrist: Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquitrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate Ankles: Calcaneus, Navicular, Talus, Medial cuniform, Intermediate cuniform, Lateral cuniform, Cuboid,
Sesamoid bones: patella
Flat bones- Frontal lobe, Parietal, Occipital, skapula, Sternum, Ribs,
Irregular bones- Vertabrae & sacrum(pelvis)
Give 3 examples of exercises of the 3 planes of movements
Sagittal plane- exercises that go front- back Bicep curl, Forward lung, Back extension, Hamstring curl
Frontal plane- Any lateral exercise (Lateral lunges, Jumping jacks, Shoulder Abduction Side bends)
Transverse plane- rotating movement Russian twists, Shoulder internal/external rotation, Forearm supination/pronation
Give the R.O.M. of the following 4 joints
Hinge joint
Saddle joint
Condyloid Joint
Pivot Joint
Hinge joint- Flexion & extension(uniaxial
Saddle joint- Flexion & extension, abduction & adduction, and Circumduction(biaxial)
Condyloid- Flexion & Extensio abduction & adduction,
What do the 8 following terms mean?
Anterior
Superior
Medial
Distal
Supine
Prone
Plantar
Dorsal
Anterior - front side
Superior - situated above
Medial -closest to the midline of the body
Distal - further away from trunk of body
Supine - laying on back
Prone- laying on stomach
Plantar- pertaining to the sole of the foot
Dorsal- the top of the foot
With your group demonstrate the following movements:
Eversion in the left foot
Pronation of both forearms
Circumduction of the hip (L or R)
Adduction of the right arm
Protract the mandible
group performs actions correctly