Argumentative Terms
This is where the author addresses the other side (opposing) side of the issue.
What is the counterargument?
This is a stereotype, belief, or judgement that is not supported
What is an overgeneralization.
This technique appeals to reason and logic.
What is logos?
"Forty five percent of school districts who moved their start time to one hour later reported happier students and families" is an example of this.
What is evidence?
If they start year round school, then they'll start to take away vacation days, then they'll add more homework, and the next thing you know, they'll make us come to school on Saturdays!
What is slippery slope?
These are the reasons the author gives for supporting an issue backed with evidence. The key word is BECAUSE.
What is a claim?
This is where the author projects their emotions onto the audience through strong connotative language based on the purpose.
What is charged/loaded words.
This technique appeals to character and ethics.
What is ethos?
Even though, some people think a later start time has nothing to do with mental and physical health, studies show that this is absolutely untrue.
What is a rebuttal?
Remember when New York city used to be a fun place to live?
What is a rhetorical question?
These could be facts, statistics, examples that support the claim. They need to be relevant, valid, and sufficient.
What is evidence?
This is explaining how the popularity of a claim is a reason for accepting or agreeing to the claim.
What is bandwagon?
This technique appeals to emotions.
What is pathos?
School districts need to move the start time back one hour because it will improve students' mental and physical health.
What is the claim?
Oh, you're Italian! You must love pasta!
What is an overgeneralization?
This is where the author clearly states their position or side on an issue.
What is an argument?
This is an argument that concludes that if an action is taken, other negative consequences will follow.
What is a slippery slope?
An argument that mentions that older zoo animals are killed to make way for cute baby animals because those baby animals bring in more visitors and more money appeals to this.
What is pathos?
Many people think that moving the start time back one hour will only create more problems than solve them.
What is the counterargument?
Everyone loves this new app! Don't be the last one to download it, or you'll be left out of the "in" crowd!
What is bandwagon?
This is where the author argues against the counter argument by providing more evidence to prove their claim.
What is the rebuttal?
This is an open ended question designed to make the audience think about the issue.
What is rhetorical question?
An argument that says providing before school care increases student attendance by 23% appeals to this.
What is logos?
School start times should be moved back one hour.
What is the argument?
For the absolute best in taste and flavor, don't deny yourself the greatest soda experience ever! Buy Coke!
What is charged/loaded words?