Text Features
Show where places or events are located
Map
The author describes a problem and then its solution
Problem & Solution
Kim’s diet was terrible. All she ate was chips and sweets and jelly sandwiches on white bread. She was overweight and she was always tired. When her doctor told her that she felt bad because of what she was eating, Kim was amazed. She didn’t realize that she had so much power to make herself feel better. Kim stopped eating junk food and started eating fruits and vegetables. In a few weeks she felt like a new person.
a) courage b) responsibility
c) health
c) health
How many points of view are there?
4
First person
Second Person
Third Person Limited
Third Person Omniscient
What is main idea?
What the story is mostly about
Tells the definitions of some words found in the text
Glossary
The author connects events that happen and why they happen
Cause & Effect
Dan was really looking forward to eating some cake. But when his mother sliced the cake, she made the pieces very small. “Why is my piece so small?” Dan asked, dismayed. “Because there are a lot of people here,” his mother told him. “We have to make sure that we have enough cake for everybody. His mother continued to cut and serve the cake and soon there was no more cake left. Disappointed that he would not be able to have seconds, Dan went off to sit and eat his tiny piece of cake. There was a small girl sitting at his table. She looked longingly at Dan’s cake. “I did not get any cake,” she said. “By the time I got up there, all of the cake was gone.” “Here,” Dan said, handing the girl a fork. “I will share my cake with you.” The little girl’s face lit up, and suddenly Dan felt better.
a) hunger b) generosity c) disappointment
b) generosity
Jeremiah squinted from the sun. He was thinking about the game. They could have won. He could have won the game for them. All he needed to do was catch the ball, but he didn't. He dropped it. His coach talked to him. "Jeremiah, we had a great season. Nobody's perfect. Look at me. Ha ha," he said. Jeremiah smiled at the coach, but he couldn't forgive himself so easily
Third Person Limited
Before you put on that skeleton costume and rove door-to-door pandering for candy, take a minute to reflect on this tradition. Halloween is believed to have come from an ancient Celtic festival dating back some 2,000 years. November 1st was the Celtic New Year and marked the end of summer to the Celts. They celebrated on its eve by wearing costumes made of animal skins and dancing around bon fires. Over the next two millennia, this primitive celebration grew to be the candy fueled costume ball that we know today
Origins of Halloween
Shows what words are important
Bold Print
Italics
Underline
Describes events in the order they occur
Wendy enjoyed spending time with her grandmother. Her grandmother told her stories about what the world was like when she was a little girl, a very long time ago. Wendy also liked her grandmother’s caramel cake and blackberry cobbler. There was only one problem. Wendy’s grandmother always made casseroles for dinner. Wendy didn’t want to hurt her grandmother’s feelings. But she hated casseroles, and she couldn’t help hesitating before taking a bite. But she did take a bite, because she loved the way that her grandmother’s eyes lit up when she saw Wendy eating her home‐cooked food. When Wendy’s grandmother smiled, suddenly the casserole didn’t taste so bad. a) loyalty b) love c) duplicity
b) love
"Ice cream! Ice cream!" I heard the street vendor shouting as he pushed his cart down the block. Ice cream sounded really tasty on a day like this. I plunged my hands into my pockets and examined the contents: one pair of house keys, a pack of gum that was almost empty, and a few coins. I pulled the coins from my pockets and counted them. It didn't take long. 46 cents. I saw a line of children from the neighborhood in front of the street vendor. Each walked away happier than the former. My mouth tasted like hot ashes.
First Person
A penny for your thoughts? If it’s a 1943 copper penny, it could be worth as much as fifty thousand dollars. In 1943, most pennies were made out of steel since copper was needed for World War II, so the 1943 copper penny is ultra-rare. Another rarity is the 1955 double die penny. These pennies were mistakenly double stamped, so they have overlapping dates and letters. If it’s uncirculated, it’d easily fetch $25,000 at an auction. Now that’s a pretty penny
Rare and Valuable Pennies
Shows the order that important events happened
Timeline
The author explains how two or more things are alike or different
Compare & Contrast
Ryan’s mother was trying to learn to cook. She was not very good at it, though. One night she burned the casserole. Another night she scalded the soup. Ryan and his father did their best to eat what she put in front of them, though. “She will get better,” Ryan’s father told Ryan. “We have to encourage her so that she will not give up.” One afternoon Ryan’s mother put too much baking soda in the cookies and they were so bitter that Ryan had to spit a bite of cookie out into his napkin when his mother wasn’t looking. “I am sorry that I am not a good cook,” his mother told him. “That is okay,” Ryan said. “The important thing is that you keep working on it, and then you will get better.”
a) perseverance b) honesty c) cooking
a) perseverance
Your tomato plants may be resilient, but there are a couple things that you can do to help them grow rich and lush. First, you should water the tomato plant in the morning. Tomatoes grow best when they can aspirate, or drink water, all day in the sun. If you water them at night, they will have a harder time releasing excess water. Second, you should give them the correct amount of water. Follow the chart on page 67 to determine how much water you should give your tomato plants.
Second Person
When one hears the term "reality" applied to a show, one might expect that the events portrayed occurred naturally or, at the least, were not scripted. This is not always the case. Many reality shows occur in unreal environments, like rented mansions occupied by film crews. Such living environments do not reflect what most people understand to be "reality." Worse, there have been accusations that events not captured on film were later restaged by producers. Worse still, some involved in the production of "reality" television claim that the participants were urged to act out story lines premeditated by producers. With such accusations floating around, it's no wonder many people take reality TV to be about as real as the sitcom.
Reality TV isn't always real
Organizes and helps compare information in a visual way
Graph
The author describes something by listing characteristics, features, or examples.
Description
It was Rebecca’s turn to cook dinner. Rebecca did not like to cook. So on her night, she usually heated up a few cans of chili, or cooked a frozen pizza. “This pizza is no good,” her brother Frank said. “It tastes like cardboard. The cheese tastes like rubber.” Rebecca thought that Frank’s complaint was petty, especially since he ate everything on his plate. “I am going to make a pizza every time it is my turn to cook,” Rebecca said. “Since I know that you will eat it.”
a) duplicity b) fairness c) effort
a) duplicity
Red looked across the prairie. He didn't see anything concerning. He wondered why Texas Joe had hollered like that. Texas Joe turned to him. The ghost that Texas Joe had just seen was gone. Texas Joe swatted at the air. Now he felt crazy. "You have to believe me, Red. It was just here," said Texas Joe. Red scowled at him in disbelief. "What was just here, Joe?" he asked. Red was angry with Texas Joe for disturbing his sleep for no apparent reason.
Third Person Omniscient
It is estimated that over twenty million pounds of candy corn are sold in the US each year. Brach’s, the top manufacturer, sells enough candy corn to circle the earth 4.25 times if each piece were laid end to end. That’s a lot of candy corn, but that’s nothing compared to the production of Tootsie Rolls. Over 64 million Tootsie Rolls are produced every day! But even Tootsie Rolls have got nothing on the candy industry’s staple product: chocolate. Confectioners manufacture over twenty billion pounds of chocolate in the United States each year. Now that’s a mouthful!
How much of popular candies are produced each year