Unions:
Philosophies & Actions
Philosophies & Actions
Between 1936-1955, this org. embraced business unionism philosophy AND appealed to unskilled factory workers.
What is the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO)?
Jury verdict said that all unions were criminal conspiracies.
What is the Strong version of the Conspiracy Doctrine (Philadelphia Cordwainer's case)?
Case that 'weakened' the conspiracy doctrine.
What is Commonwealth of Mass. v. Hunt (1842)?
First union to seek the Ten-hour workday and abolish debtor's prison.
National Trades Union (1834-1837)
Outlawed employment discrimination against those 40 and older.
What is the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) of 1967?
This union led a Railroad strike against Pullman Company in 1880s.
What is the American Railway Union?
Outlawed price fixing; remedies were triple damages.
What is the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?
Violent actions that led to the downfall of the Knights of Labor.
What is the Haymarket Square Riot of 1886?
Union attempted to organize car assembly plants by workers chaining themselves to machines.
What were sit-down strikes of the United Auto Workers?
This outlawed child labor, set minimum wage, and overtime pay.
What is the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938?
Accused of raiding members' pension funds, the union had close ties with the mafia.
What is the International Brotherhood of Teamsters?
Court order required workers to abandon a strike. If disobeyed, union leaders could be jailed for 'contempt'.
What is a Labor Injunction?
This led to the collapse of the National Trades Union in 1837.
What was the 'Panic of 1837'?
First union to want women's suffrage and to create a Dept. of Labor.
What was the National Labor Union (1866-1872)?
Create a framework for collective bargaining. Applies to rail and airline workers.
What was the Railway Labor Act of 1926?
Established by Samuel Gompers. Open only to skilled trades workers.
What is the AFL - American Federation of Labor (1886-1956)?
Outlawed violent criminal conspiracies.
What are syndicalism laws?
Government action that led to arrests of IWW leaders.
What were the Palmer Raids (part of the "Red Scare")?
Union wanted to 'cut out the middle man' by creating "cooperatives" of producers and consumers.
What was the Knights of Labor (1869-1893)?
FIRST federal law giving non-rail workers the right to unionize. Declared 'unconstitutional' by Supreme Court.
What is the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA or NRA) of 1934?
A group of coal miners who used violence.
Who were the Molly McGuires?
Exempted unions from Sherman anti-trust act.
What is the Clayton Act?
Strike at Steel Factory owned by Andrew Carnegie.
What was the Homestead Incident? [NOTE: covered in the textbook]
Union that wanted communism; slogan was 'One Big Union.'
What is the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)?
Required financial disclosure by unions and regulated internal union affairs.
What is the Landrum-Griffin Act [Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act] of 1959?