Hormones
Which two terms describe the change in responsiveness of a receptor to a hormone?
Upregulation and downregulation
This is the enlargement of muscle fiber cross-sectional area.
Hypertrophy
What is the relationship between stroke volume and cardiac output?
What are the reasons for an increased stroke volume with aerobic training?
Increased end-diastolic volume, release of catecholamines
Optional: Frank Starling Mechanism
Name one of the fat soluble vitamins listed in the PowerPoint.
Testosterone and Dihydrotestosterone
This is the increase in the number of muscle fibers via longitudinal fiber splitting.
Hyperplasia
This the the best indicator of an athletes aerobic fitness level.
Cortisol is released by which gland?
Adrenal Gland
What is the minimal threshold stimulus needed to cause bone formation?
Minimal essential strain
The Frank-Starling mechanism would cause an _____________ cardiac emptying.
Increased
Which hormones are responsible for fight or flight?
Catecholamines
None
This are of the pulmonary system is not functional for gas exchange in healthy atheltes.
Anatomical Dead Space
How do polypeptide hormones interact with a cell?
Second messengers
Explain the size principle.
Low-threshold motor units are recruited first, and then higher-threshold motor units are recruited.
At what elevation do we start to see changes begin to occur in athletes training at altitude?
3,900 feet (1,200 m)