Fuel (1)
Give one example of fossil fuel.
coal / natural gas / oil / kerosene
Name a fuel that is solid at room temperature.
coal / wood
Name the homologous series that propane belongs to.
Alkanes
Give one example of an alkane aside from propane.
methane / ethane / butane / pentane / hexane
Give two examples of an alkene.
any two from: ethene / propene / butene / pentene / hexene
Which part of the fractional distillation column has the highest temperature?
the bottom-most part of the column
Hydrocarbons with lower boiling points move further up the column. True or False?
True
State the name given to a family of organic compounds with similar chemical properties.
homologous series
What is the main constituent of natural gas.
Methane
Write the general formula of alkenes.
CnH2n
State the physical property on which the fractional distillation of petroleum depends.
Boiling point
Naphtha is usually used for
making chemicals
State what is meant by the term saturated.
compound that only contains single bonds
Write the general formula of alkanes.
CnH2n+2
Name the type of chemical reaction which forms short-chain alkanes and alkenes from long-chain alkanes.
cracking
Give one use for kerosene.
jet fuel
The fraction at the bottom of the column which is used for making roads is called ________.
Bitumen
State what is meant by the term unsaturated.
compound that contains a double bond
State the names of the two compounds formed during the complete combustion of ethane.
carbon dioxide and water
Name the products formed when a hydrocarbon fuel undergoes incomplete combustion.
carbon monoxide and water
What is the method use for separating petroleum into fractions?
Fractional distillation
Fuel oil is used for
State what is meant by the term hydrocarbon.
they contain carbon and hydrogen atoms only
Write the chemical equation for the complete combustion of butane.
2C4H10 + 13O2 → 8CO2 + 10H2O
Draw the structure of a molecule of propene. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.
CH3CH=CH2
(this is the structural formula)