What is matter made of?
Today, we know that a(n) __________ is the smallest unit os an element that has that element's properties.
atom
The center of an atom is its___________________.
nucleus
What do the two letters in the center of each box refer to? ______________________
the element's symbol
What are the most common elements in space? (2)
___________________
___________________
hydrogen and helium
There are at least _________ elements that scientists know of. (answer from the chart, not the book)
118
Because an atom has the same number of ____________________ and electrons, the atom has no overall charge.
protons
Is Zinc a metal or non-metal? _______________
metal
What two elements make up most of the atmosphere?
____________________
____________________
nitrogen and oxygen
A substance that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler substances is a(n)____________________.
element
An atoms nucleus contains positively charged particles called ____________________ and particles called_____________________.
protons, neutrons
How many more protons are there in a sulfur atom than in a phosphorus atom? ___________________
There is 1 more in a sulfer atom than in a phosphorus atom.
What are the most common elements on earth? (7)
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
hydrogen, oxygen, silicon, aluminum, nitrogen, iron, and calcium
One important property of an element is its _________________ at room temperature
state
Negatively charged particles called ________________ move around the _________________.
electrons, nucleus
What is special about hydrogen? _________________
It is neither a metal, non-metal, or a metalloid. It has properties of all three.
Why are oxygen and hydrogen so common in animals and on Earth?
_________________________
_________________________
Oxygen and Hydrogen make up water! Water makes up a large portion of Earth and animal bodies!
Another important property of an element is the way that it _____________________ with other elements.
combines
The number of protons in an atom is an atom's __________________ _________________.
atomic number
Why are potassium and iron in the same row? What do they have in common?
____________________________
____________________________
They are both metals and solid at room temperature.
Why do you think Earth's crust has a more diverse set of elements than the ocean or the atmosphere?_______________________
_______________________
There are more elements that are solid than are liquid or gas; denser elements tend to sink in air and water and eventually end up in Earth's crust.