The Internet
What are packets when referring to the internet?
Information to be sent over the internet broken into the same size groupings
What makes a good variable name?
A researcher is interested in learning more about the different kinds of plants growing in different areas of the state she lives in. The researcher creates an app that allows residents of the town to photograph plants in their area using a smartphone and record date, time, and location of the photograph. Afterwards the researcher will analyze the data to try to determine where different kinds of plants grow in the state.
Which of the following does this situation best demonstrate?
A. Citizen science
B. Crowdfunding
C. Open data
D. Machine Learning
Citizen science
Binary numbers use what base system?
Base 2
Which of the following algorithmic efficiencies would be considered LEAST efficient?
A. Linear
B. Constant
C. Polynomial
D. Exponential
Exponential
How is the internet scalable?
Through the ability for additional networks and routers to be added without impacting service
What do parameters used in a procedure provide?
A way to get values into the procedure making code more flexible
What happens when you "clean data"?
Correct data records, complete or remove incomplete data and remove duplicate data
What are two things a binary number can represent?
Number, color, text
What is an undecidable problem?
An undecidable problem is a problem for which no algorithm can be constructed that always produces a correct output
What does it mean when we say the internet is redundant?
If a path is down, packets can be routed a different way
How do selection statements determine which section of the code to execute?
Through conditions that evaluate to true or false
What is the difference between correlation and causation?
Correlation is a pattern or similarities while causation is a direct relationship showing that one thing caused another
How many bits are needed to represent the number 128?
7 bits
What is a benefit of parallel/distributed computing?
Distributed computing improves the speed at which an individual computer executes a program, Distributed computing allows larger problems to be solved quicker
What is the purpose of the DNS (Domain Name System)?
To translate website names into their IP addresses
Documentation can be used as a guide to understand how the program works and help with testing programs
What is metadata?
Data about data. This is information about the data set you are looking at that can include things like the source, date and short explanation of that data set.
When would lossless data compression be preferred over lossy data compression?
When you need to get back to the original file and don't want to lose any information
What is the third step using Binary Search to look for the number 32 in this list: 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, 16, 25, 32, 33, 45, 47, 51, 69, 75?
Compare the number 33 to the given number
What is the definition of bandwidth?
The amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time
What type of loop is most effective to iterate over a list?
For loop
What is one way we can avoid algorithmic bias in programs?
Using diverse data sets, working with a diverse group of people, testing programs from different perspectives
What is the different between digital and analog data?
Analog data is continuous while digital information uses sampling
When you use a heuristic algorithm?
When an exact solution is not necessary for a problem and algorithms that provide exact solutions run in unreasonable time