SCOTUS
100 Points: In Marbury v. Madison, what principle did the Supreme Court establish that has since been a fundamental part of constitutional law?
Judicial review, giving the Supreme Court the power to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional.
100 Points: What case had the significance of : "One Person, One Vote" requiring state legislative districts to be roughly equal in population?
100 Points: Who was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence?
THOMAS JEFFERSON
100: How does the Senate coach the president?
- The senate can override a veto with a ⅔ vote in both houses. - Confirmation of Appointments
- Treaty Ratification: The Senate has the power to ratify treaties negotiated by the President.
- impeachment trial in senate
100: How does the media coach the President?
scrutinizing presidential actions and policies:
Oversight and Accountability: The media reports on the President providing analysis and critique. Investigative journalism can uncover abuses of power/scandal
200 Points: McCulloch v. Maryland centered around the power of the federal government. What two main issues were addressed in this case?
Federalism and the Necessary and Proper Clause - The main issues were the constitutionality of the national bank and whether a state could tax a federal institution.
200 Points: What case dealt with the issue was the right to legal counsel for defendants in criminal cases. The Supreme Court ruled that state courts were required to provide counsel for defendants who could not afford their own.
Gideon vs. Wainright
200 Points: What was the major weakness of the Articles of Confederation that led to the call for the Constitutional Convention?
Weak central government: inability to tax, regulate commerce, amend the document, or enforce laws effectively.
200: How does the house check SCOTUS?
The House can introduce and pass legislation that affects the jurisdiction, composition, or operation of SCOTUS..
200: How do political parties check member of the legislative branch?
Election of Senators: supporting candidates for Senate seats. They provide funding and organizational support
- Helps party line voters elect you
300 Points: Schenck v. United States introduced the "clear and present danger" test. What was the context of this?
300 Points: World War I and the Espionage Act - The case involved the distribution of anti-draft pamphlets during wartime. The "clear and present danger" test was introduced, allowing limits on free speech during wartime if it presents a clear and present danger to the our interests.
300 points: Why was Gideon on trial and sent to jail in 1961?
He had been on trial because he was accused of breaking into a pool room in Florida and eventually jailed, as he had to represent himself in court.
300 Points: what are the five freedoms of the first amendment.
The five freedoms: speech, religion, press, assembly, and the right to petition the government. (all things that allow public resistance of the government
300: How does the house check linkage Institutions?
Through its committees, the House conducts oversight hearings and investigations to review the actions and conduct of linkage institutions.
300: Hoe do Interest groups check/pressure the President?
influence the President's policy decisions and administrative actions. Using media outreach to apply pressure on the President to adopt policies that align with their interests. Presidents may face public backlash or resistance if they ignore or oppose the demands of influential interest groups.
400 Points: Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark case in the Civil Rights Movement. what was the Supreme Court's ruling nd what precedent did it overturn?
Racial segregation in public schools violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. The Supreme Court ruled that "separate but equal" facilities were inherently unequal and unconstitutional.
400 Points: Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District involved students' First Amendment rights. What specific form of expression was at the center of this case, and what was the outcome?
The case involved students' wearing of black armbands to protest the Vietnam War after their schools preliminary ban. The form of expression was their First Amendment free/symbolic/political speech rights at school unless their speech disrupts the educational process.
400 Points: According to Federalist No. 70, what are the advantages of a single executive over a plural executive?
Advantages of a single executive, include unity of decision-making, accountability, and the ability to act with energy and promptness in times of crisis.
400: How does the president check the Bureaucracy?
- Appointment of Agency Heads
These appointments are subject to confirmation by the Senate.
Executive Orders: to direct the actions of executive agencies.
400: How can the President check the legislative branch?
- President can veto legislation
- Confirms presidential nominations
- Executive Orders: The President can issue executive orders to implement policy directives without congressional approval. President can veto legislation
500 Points: In Engel v. Vitale, the Supreme Court addressed the issue of school prayer. What was the specific issue at stake in this case, and what was the Court's decision?
The case concerned state-sponsored prayer in public schools. The specific issue was the recitation of a state-written prayer in New York public schools. The Supreme Court ruled that it violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.
500 Points: Wisconsin v. Yoder addressed the conflict between compulsory education and religious freedom. What was the specific issue in this case, and what was the Supreme Court's ruling?
The case involved Amish parents' refusal to send their children to school beyond the eighth grade due to religious beliefs and their First Amendment right to free exercise of religion. SCOTUS held that individual's interests in religious freedom outweighed the state's interests in compelling school attendance beyond the eighth grade.
500 Points: According to Federalist No. 78, why is the judiciary considered the "least dangerous" branch of government?
Judiciary is the "least dangerous" branch because it lacks the power of the purse and the power of the sword. It depends on the other branches to enforce its decisions.
500: How can the Bureaucracy check the legislative branch?
mplementation of Legislation: it is often up to the bureaucracy to implement and enforce their laws. The bureaucracy's regulations in executing laws can influence their effectiveness and impact
500: How does the house asset control over the bueracrcy?
The House controls the federal budget and appropriates funds for agencies and departments. So can influence the operations of the bureaucracy.