Basics of Animal Biotechnology
A process that uses technology to modify and manipulate an organism’s genes using technology
Genetic engineering
transplantation of an organ or tissue from one individual to another of the same species with a different genotype
Allotransplantation
This animal is considered to be the most effective donor for xenotransplantation
Pig
Involves the inactivation of a specific gene in an organism’s genome
Gene Knockout
An animal whose genome has been modified for the benefit of humans
Transgenic Animals
This process is done to match patients and donors for transplants
HLA Matching
What type of rejection occurs when a human’s immune system attacks the organ from the other species?
Hyperacute Rejection
A technique to flush out blood from the donor organ and replace it with a preservation solution before transplantation
Perfusion
A genetic engineering technique that involves various laboratory methods to produce recombinant DNA
Recombinant DNA technology
variant of the allograft where tissue from one twin is transplanted to another
Isograft
Pigs that have been genetically altered to reduce the risk of organ rejection
Genetically Modified Pigs
Initiated to reduce the recipient's immune response and prevent rejection of the xenograft
Immunosuppressive therapy
One of the most famous and utilized genetic engineering techniques due to its simple precise method of editing parts of the genome through the Cas9 enzyme
CRISPR-Cas9
What do you call a graft of tissue taken from a donor of one species and grafted into a recipient of another species?
Xenograft
Type of retrovirus that results from a transspecies transmission of a virus and integration into the genome of all pigs
Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus
Important to monitor due to the possibility of infectious agent transmission between species via xenograft.
Xenozoonoses