Terminology
What is 'nocturia'?
Frequent urination during the night.
What is the medical term for severe chest pain?
Angina
A patient weighing 18.2 kg requires a medication that comes ordered as 0.50 mcg/kg/dose. How many mcg is one dose?
9.1 mcg/dose
What do corticosteroids do in patients with asthma or COPD?
Reduces inflammation in the lungs
A patient often has difficulty swallowing at mealtimes. What is this condition called?
Dysphagia
What does GFR stand for?
Glomerular filtration rate
Which vessels send blood from the heart to the lungs?
Pulmonary arteries
A nurse is ordered to give 500 mg IM q12. On hand, the drug is available in 500 mg/2ml. How many mL should be administered per dose?
1 mL
What is the most commonly prescribed diuretic used to treat hypertension and edema?
Furosemide (Lasix)
A patient receiving IV fluids is experiencing new edema and shortness of breath. Upon weighing, the patient has gained 2 kg. What is the most likely condition?
Hypervolemia
What is the name of the system that regulates blood pressure using the components of renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and aldosterone?
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
What is the most common symptom of right-sided heart failure?
Swelling (edema) in the legs and abdomen (ascites).
An order reads to give 100 mg of a drug. This drug comes in a 1 mL vial containing 250 mg of drug. What volume should the nurse administer?
0.4 ml
These medications are used to lower blood pressure by reducing the force of contraction in the heart and relaxing the blood vessels.
Calcium channel blockers (CCB)
Your patient came in with a fractured tibia, and has a cast applied. A few hours go by, and the patient feels severe pain in the lower leg. There is increased swelling and decreased sensation. What is this syndrome called?
Compartment Syndrome
What is the full name and function of ADH?
Antidiuretic Hormone plays a critical role in regulating water balance in the body.
What is the name of the landmark in which the most malignant breast masses occur?
Tail of Spence.
Your patient weighs 110 pounds. You are ordered to administer 15mg/kg/24hrs of a medication in divided doses every 8 hours. How many mg of the medication would you give per dose?
250 mg
Why should Metoprolol not be stopped suddenly?
The abrupt ending of beta blockers can cause chest pain or a heart attack.
This condition, often caused by infection, is characterized by inflammation of the membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
Meningitis.
What is 'Cor pulmonale'?
A condition where the right side of the heart enlarges and fails.
This sugar is broken down into glucose by the liver when there is inadequate blood glucose levels in the body.
Glycogen
A nurse is ordered to administer 500 mL over 4 hours. What is the gtts/min, using a drop factor of 15 gtts/mL?
31 gtts/min
What are 'Statins' used for?
A class of drugs primarily used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood.
What serious medical condition/syndrome occurs in people with type 2 diabetes and is characterized by extreme hyperglycemia and severe dehydration WITHOUT significant ketosis.
HHNKS (Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketoic Syndrome)