Infection control
What is the difference between Medical asepsis and surgical asepsis
Medical aspesis prevents transmission of microbes from one person to another while surgical prevents entry into the body during invasive surgeries
Why is it important to document?
It is a clear legal record that is used to meet the many demands of health, accreditation, medical insurance and legal systems.
Written records give a clear picture of the patient and how the patient is responding to treatment
Basis for decision making, legal and confidential, needed for health care costs(reimbursements), concise accurate records
What types of tissue are found in the body and the over basic functions?
Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous
Epithelial function is protection
Connective : support, fat,bone,blood,ligaments
Muscle: produces movement
Nervous: Conducts nerve impulses
What is proximal and distal
Bonus 50+ if you can provide examples
Proximal nearest to the trunk or point of origin
Distal Farthest from the trunk or point of region
What is passive transport?
No energy needed for high to low concentartions
What is the relationship between viruses and antibiotics
Antibiotics are ineffective against viruses because viruses have different structures and survival methods than bacteria.
Modified list of patients problems. Focuses on patient needs vs. medical diagnosis
Data subjective and objective
Action, planning and implementation
Response-evaluation
Education/ patient teaching
What are the levels of organization?
Bonus 50+ if you can briefly explain
Chemical
Cells
Tissues
Organ
System
Organism
What is prone vs supine
Prone- face down on stomach
Supine- dorsal face up on back
What is diffusion
simple and facilitated needs protein channels to get across
What is a health care associated infection
an infection that a patient develops while receiving medical care, either in a healthcare facility or at home
Ex: UTI, respiratory pneumonia, surgical site infections
What is S.O.A.P.E charting
S: Subjective, data the patient is telling you
O: Objective, observations backed by proof
A: Assessment, what is wrong?
P: Plan, treatment priority
E: Evaluation, is the treatment working or need to change plan
Maybe revision as well
Define physiology
The study of the body function
What is posterior vs anterior
Posterior: toward the back
Anterior: toward the front
Osmosis
H2O will move when the solutes cannot, "osmotic pressure"
Why is hand hygiene important?
Bonus 50+ How long do we wash hands for?
What are clinical pathways
Documentation tools that integrate the standards of care of multiple disciplines have been developed to meet the needs and manage care.Critical pathways allow staff from all disciplines to develop standardized integrated care plans for a projected length of stay for patients of a specific type of case. Contents include a care plan, or interventions
What steps should be taken in the event of a mercury spill
Evacuate the room
Ventilate the area by closing doors
Do not vacuum the spill
After:
Mop the floor with a mercury specific cleaner
Dispose of the mercury according to environment safety regulations
Describe the feedback loop and its 4 basic components
Oxygenated air, taken in during inhalation
Diffuses across the lungs into the bloodstream
And carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the lungs
and expelled during exhalation
What is filtration
H2O and solutes usually kidneys
Urine formation, waste particles filtered out the blood stream into the kidneys due to hydrostatic pressure
What are the modes of transmission
Direct & Indirect
What are safety measures a nurse should use with the EMR to ensure HIPPA compliance
Do not share passwords and passwords are frequently changed
Never walk away from device while logged in/ No information about a patient on display
Follow protocol for correcting errors
Make sure that stored records have backup files
How should hot food and beverages be provided to the older adult
Fill hot beverages only half full
What are the 11 body systems
Reproductive system
Lymphatic/Immune
Integumentary
Skeletal
Muscular
DIgestive
Urinary
Respiratory
Endocrine
Cardiovascular
Nervous
What is the adult body weight in water
Adult males 60%
Adult females 50%
Infant 80%
What increases patient risks of fall
History of falls, age, unfamiliar environments, bowel or bladder incontinence, iv lines, chest tubes, oxygen, anesthesia, narcotics, sedatives, unstable gait, problems with balance, uses equipment to assist with ambulation, blood pressure, dizziness, vertigo, confusion, sensory problem
PASS
Fire extinguisher pull
Pull
Aim
Squeeze
Sweep
Explain the process of internal respiration
Internal respiration is the exchange of gases that occur between the blood and cells
What would alert the nurse to declining kidney function?
Urinating either too much or too little
edema in hands or feet
shortness of breath
Fatigue
Loss of appetite
Insomnia
what risks are associated with the application of safety reminder devices?
Often increases, restlessness, disorientation, agitation, anxiety and feeling powerlessness
What are the three buffer systems
Work to keep the pH in the narrow normal range:
Blood buffers
Lungs
Kidneys
How much loss of fluid can result in death in the adult patient
20% loss of fluids is fatal