ACID BASE
The patient with long-term obstructive pulmonary disease has a pH of 7, HCO3 of 18mEq/L, and a PACO2 of 40mmHg. Those laboratory values are consistent with which acid base imbalance?
What is Metabolic Acidosis
The nurse explains that the exposure to a pathogen stimulates the macrophages to migrate to the area of infection to ingest and destroy the pathogen. This statement describes which process?
1. Phagocytosis
2. Antibody Action
3. Immune Response
What is phagocytosis.
The nurse uses a diagram to demonstrate how in dehydration the water is drawn into the cells by which process?
What is Osmosis.
pg. 34
The nurse warns the patient that, in order to slow the growth of microorganisms, the operating room temperature must be maintained in which range?
What is 66 to 70F
The nurse is caring for a patient who had spinal anesthesia. Which drink is the best choice for the nurse to offer the patient?
1. Tea
2. Water
3. Orange Juice
What is tea.
The patient who has had diarrhea for the last 3 days has blood gases of pH of 7.1, HCO3 of 20mEq/L and PCO2 of 36mm Hg. These laboratory values are consistent with which acid-base imbalance?
What is Metabolic Acidosis.
The nurse caring for a patient with C. difficile infection. Which action is most important for the nurse to take?
1. Only use alcohol base hand cleanser for hand hygiene.
2. Don proper eye protection before providing care
3. Notify housekeeping to use the appropriate cleaning agents.
What is notify housekeeping to use appropriate cleaning agents.
Which term describes the active transport process that moves sodium and potassium into or out of the cell?
What is sodium pump.
pg. 34
The nurse caring for a patient who has just been given medication to reverse neuromuscular blocking agents. The nurse is aware that the patient is in which general anesthetic stage?
What is Emergence
When caring for a 10-hour post abdominal surgery patient which findings will the nurse report to the charge nurse?
1. Weak cough ability
2. 20mL of clear green emesis
3. No urine output since surgery
What is no urine output since surgery.
The nurse is caring for a patient with metabolic acidosis. Which assessment findings reveals compensatory mechanisms to correct this imbalance effect?
1. Increased urinary output
2. Decreased blood pressure
3. Kussmaul respirations
What is kussmual respirations.
pg. 50
The nurse explains to the patient who is using Prilosec (a proton pump inhibitor) that the drug reduces the amount of which natural protector in the stomach lining?
What is Lysozyme
pg. 105
The patient taking furosemide (Lasix) to correct excess edema shows a weight loss of 5.5 pounds in 24hr. THe nurse calculates that the weight loss is equivalent to how many liters (L) of fluid given that each kilogram of weight is equivalent to 1L of fluid?
What is 2.5L
5.5lbs divided by 2.2= 2.5L
pg. 35
The post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) nurse determines that the patient's Aldrete score is 9. Which means?
What is the patient will soon be transferred to postoperative unit.
How should the home health nurse advise the patient to treat a fever of 100F?
1. Administer Tylenol q 4-6 hrs.
2. Do nothing at all
3. Bathe in cool water before bed?
What is do nothing at all
Because there are no IV pumps available for the immediate infusion of an IV medication, the nurse must calculate the flow rate of 500mL to run for 4hrs, using a set that delivers 15gtt/mL. What is the flow rate?
What is 30gtts/min
The nurse uses visual aid to demonstrate how which antibody attaches to the antigen to clear the pathogen from the body?
What is IgM.
pg. 107
The nurse caring for a patient with a potassium level of 2.9mEq/L. The nurse should carefully monitor the patient for which potential problems?
1. Excessive urinary output?
2. Increased reflexes
3.Abdominal Distention
What is abdominal distention.
pg. 42
The nurse is reviewing the presurgical patient's laboratory report and notes an elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and bilirubin. The nurse understands that this patient is most at risk for which potential complications?
1. Delayed wound healing
2. Excessive bleeding during and after surgery
3. Postsurgical respiratory infection
What id excessive bleeding during or after surgery
pg. 64/65
The nurse educated the postsurgical patient about which potential effects of smoking on postsurgical recovery?
1. Increased probability of hemorrhage
2. Delayed wound healing
3. Increased blood pressure
What is delayed wound healing.
pg. 91
The count of the solution in the IV container at the beginning of the shift is 800mL. A new 1000mL bag was hung during the shift and has 650mL left at the end of the shift. What amount should the nurse record as the IV fluid intake for the shift?
What is 1150mL.
800mL + 350mL= 1150mL
The nurse explains that a vaccination provides defense against infection via which type of immunity?
1. Innate Immunity
2. Cell- Mediated Immunity
3. Antibody-Medicated Immunity
What is Antibody-Medicated immunity
pg. 108
While the nurse is washing the face of the patient in renal failure, the patient demonstrates a spasm of the lips and face. Which laboratory value corresponds with the nurse's assessment findings?
1.Sodium of 140mEq/L
2. Calcium of 7.9mg/dL
3. Potassium of 3.4mEq/L
What is Calcium of 7.9mg/dL
pg. 43
The patient received a preoperative dose of lorazepam (Ativan) 20 minutes ago. Which safety precaution should the nurse take?
1. Raise the bedrails
2. Take seizure precautions
3. Monitor respiratory status
What is raise the bedrails.
pg. 71
The nurse is educating the patient about vitamins and wound healing. The nurse explains that which vitamin will enhance wound healing the most?
1. Vitamin B
2. Vitamin C
3. Vitamin E
What is Vitamin C
pg. 91