First
What is the proper sequence of the planets in our solar system, starting from the one closest to the Sun?
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
In cosmology, what do we call the all-encompassing system that began with the Big Bang and is continually expanding?
Universe
In astronomy, what term refers to a giant ball of gas, primarily hydrogen and helium, that shines brightly due to fusion reactions in its core?
Star
She is the first spacecraft launched to explore the Trojan asteroids
Lucy
What is the complete name of the organization abbreviated as NASA, which conducts scientific research and develops technology for space exploration?
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
How many years old is universe?
13.7 billion years old
What is the term for a vast cloud of gas and dust in space where new stars are often born?
Nebula
During stellar evolution, what is the phase called when a star is still gathering mass and is not yet fully formed?
Protostar
What are the three most abundant elements in the universe?
Hydrogen, Helium & Oxygen
Which theory suggests that the universe began as a singularity and has been expanding and cooling ever since?
Big Bang Theory
What is the term for matter made up of protons and neutrons, as opposed to dark matter or dark energy?
Baryonic Matter
In the context of dark matter research, what does the acronym MACHO stand for?
Massive Compact Halo Objects
What type of matter is known to affect the motion of galaxies and galaxy clusters through its gravitational pull, but is invisible because it does not emit or absorb light?
Cold Dark Matter
What is the term for the source of anti-gravity that causes the universe to expand?
Dark Energy
What term describes a massive system consisting of billions of stars, along with gas, dust, and dark matter, all bound together by gravity?
Galaxy
What is the theory proposed by Fred Hoyle, Herman Bondi, and Thomas Gold in 1948 that suggests the universe has no beginning or end?
Steady State Model
How far is the sun?
The sun is 93 million miles away from the earth.
What is the process called in which stars produce new elements through nuclear reactions in their cores?
Stellar nucleosynthesis
What is the name of the faint radiation left over from the Big Bang?
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
What theory extends the concepts of special relativity to include acceleration and gravity, fundamentally altering our perception of space and time?
General Theory of Relativity.
What type of planets are composed primarily of high-melting-point materials such as silicates, iron, and nickel?
Inner terrestrial/terrestrial planets
What is the name of the principle that states the universe is homogeneous and isotropic on large scales?
Cosmological Principle
What is the name of the brightest star in the night sky, located in the constellation Canis Major, and known as the Dog Star?
Sirius
What term is used to describe the typical direction of a planet's movement in its orbit around the Sun, where it moves from west to east as seen from Earth?
Prograde Motion
What term is used to describe the apparent backward movement of a planet across the sky as seen from Earth? at a certain times?
Retrograde Motion