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This 1803 case established the principle of judicial review, allowing the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
This 1963 case guaranteed the right to legal counsel for felony defendants in state courts under the Sixth Amendment.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
In this 1954 case, the Supreme Court ruled that "separate but equal" has no place in public education, striking down racial segregation.
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
This case defined the scope of federal power, stating that federal laws are supreme over state laws when the two conflict.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
This case protected students’ right to symbolic speech in public schools, even if it involves political protests like wearing armbands.
What is Tinker v. Des Moines?
This case upheld the constitutionality of a national bank and declared that states cannot tax federal institutions, reinforcing federal supremacy.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
In this 1969 case, the Supreme Court protected students' right to wear black armbands in protest of the Vietnam War under the First Amendment.
What is Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District?
In this 1995 case, the Supreme Court ruled that Congress exceeded its authority under the Commerce Clause when it banned guns in school zones.
What is United States v. Lopez?
This case ruled that speech can be restricted if it presents a "clear and present danger" to national security, especially during wartime.
What is Schenck v. United States?
This case ruled that mandatory school prayer violates the First Amendment's prohibition on government establishment of religion.
What is Engel v. Vitale?
This 1919 case introduced the "clear and present danger" test to limit speech that could cause harm during wartime.
What is Schenck v. United States?
This 1971 case reinforced the First Amendment’s protection of the press by limiting the government's ability to prevent the publication of classified information.
What is New York Times Co. v. United States?
This 2010 case incorporated the Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms against state governments.
What is McDonald v. Chicago?
This case overturned the "separate but equal" doctrine, stating that racial segregation in public schools violates the Equal Protection Clause.
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
This case bolstered the First Amendment protections against prior restraint, limiting government censorship in matters of national security.
What is New York Times Co. v. United States?
This 1962 case ruled that redistricting could be reviewed by federal courts and did not present purely political questions.
What is Baker v. Carr?
In this 1972 case, the court ruled that forcing Amish children to attend school beyond the eighth grade violated the Free Exercise Clause.
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder?
In this 2010 case, the court ruled that corporations and unions could spend unlimited amounts on political campaigns, treating such spending as protected speech.
What is Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission?
This case allowed voters to challenge gerrymandering if race is the sole factor in creating voting districts.
What is Shaw v. Reno?
This case determined that forcing Amish children to attend school past the eighth grade violates their First Amendment rights.
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder?
This 1962 case struck down school-sponsored prayer as a violation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.
What is Engel v. Vitale?
This 1993 case allowed challenges to majority-minority districts, created solely based on race, under the Equal Protection Clause.
What is Shaw v. Reno?
This case established the Supreme Court's power to interpret the Constitution and overturn laws deemed unconstitutional.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
This case expanded the right to legal representation in state felony trials, ensuring fair trials for all defendants.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
This case limited the reach of the Commerce Clause, ruling that the federal government cannot regulate gun possession in school zones.
What is United States v. Lopez?