mmm just the basics
Chemical substances in foods used by the body for growth and health.
What are nutrients?
This substance is associated with atherosclerosis.
What is LDL?
What is the parent group of Omega 6 Fatty Acids?
What is linolenic acid?
The condition is associated with hyperventilation.
What is Emphysema?
The most common cause of left-sided heart failure
What is ischemic heart disease?
Cause by atherosclerosis.
Build up of athrosclerotic plaque can result in a rupture. When this occurs what forms over the rupture?
What are red blood cells?
This form of pneumonia is associated with people living in close quarters like dorms, prisions, shelters.
What is community aquired pneumonia?
Recommended daily intake of Carbohydrates?
What is 45-65%?
Assists with the formation of blood, transforms folate into an active form and maintains
the myelin sheath (a protective coating that surrounds nerve fibers).
What is B12 Cobalamin?
It promotes a stress response that triggers inflammation and increases extracellular fluid, BP, and systemic stress on the Kidneys and vascular system.
Is a specific state which has been characterized by unintentional weight loss, low atropometric measurments, abnormal biochemical markers, poor nutritional intake as indicated by nutriton screening intstruments.
What is undernutrition?
Food that contains relatively high amounts of nutrients compared to their caloric value.
What is Nutrient-dense foods?
What is the first decade?
The recommended level of sodium for the DASH diet.
What is < 2300 mg Na++/Day
The form of dietary intervention utilizing a Registered Dietitian for dealing with chronic conditions such as heart failure.
An increased pulmonary blood pressure results in this type of heart failure.
What is Right-Sided Heart Failure?
What substance in designed to remove LDL from the vascular system
What is HDL
–Nonreversible condition in patients with HF
What if cardiac cachexia?
A condition in which cell memebranes have a reduced sensitivity to insulin so that more insulin than normal is requird to transport a given amount of glucose into cells.
What is insulin resistance?
It is an effective prevention against measles. Deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin, poor bone growth, and weak tooth enamel.
What is Vitamin A
Foods that have relatively high-calorie values per unit weight of the food.
What are energy dense foods?
A chemical element or substance required in trace amounts for the normal growth and development of living organisms.
What is a micronutrient?
Flavonoids, chlorophyll, and carotenoids are examples of these.
What are phytochemicals?
These cells form what are referred to as foam cells.
What are dead macrophages?
The three pillars of food insecurity
What is Access, Use of Food, and Availability?
A form of COPD associated with cyanosis from “hypoxia,” bloating from edema, AND an increase in lung volume.
What is Chronic Bronchitis
Prolong backup of blood from the right atrium unto to lungs may produce this physical finding in the neck.
What is juglar vascular distention
Omega 6 fatty acids break down into this substance that produces inflammation
What is Arachodonic Acid?
The idea that overweight or obese people may have lower mortality rates than people of normal weight in certain subpopulations, such as those with CVD or cancer.
What Obesidy Paradox?
Components of fat that are a required part of the diet.
What are essential fatty acids?
Is vital to the normal development of healthy teeth and bones. It also helps maintain adequate levels of calcium and phosphorus in the blood.
What is Vitamin D?
Plays a significant role as an antioxidant, thereby protecting body tissue from the damage of oxidation. It is important in the formation of red blood cells, and the use of vitamin K
What is Vitamin E?
Act as a buffer system, helping your body maintain proper pH values of the blood and other bodily fluids.
What is Protein?
A potential consequence of food insecurity that, because of prolonged, involuntary lack of food, results in discomfort, illness, weakness, or pain that goes beyond the usual uneasy sensation.
What is hunger?
Considered the key indicator regarding diet-related disparities.
What is socioeconomic status?
Often seen in aging is muscle loss or wasting.
What is sarcopenia
This results condition results of a excessive build up of carbon dioxide in the lungs.
What is respritory acidosis
It shows that loading up the ventricle with blood during diastole and stretching out the cardiac muscle makes it contract with more force, increasing stroke volume during systole.
What is the Frank-Starling mechanism?
This is the substance produce in the RAAS that stimulates vascular constriction
What is angitensin II?
The type of pneumonia is often seen in people who require assistance of mechanical ventialtion
What is ventilator aquired pnumonia
This substance has been shown to be effective in helping to decrease fatty scaring associated with ASCVD.
What is EPA?
Is fat-soluble and plays a critical role in blood clotting. It regulates blood calcium levels and activates at least 3 proteins involved in bone health.
Vitamin K
Helps the cells' DNA, which contains the instructions that the cell uses to make certain proteins. By having mature red blood cells, one can prevent iron-deficiency anemia.
The adaptability of an organism to change in the environment or differences between its various habitats.
What is plasticity?
helps change one amino acid into another (transamination). Without adequate this vitamin, all amino acids become essential (from our diet), because our bodies cannot make them in sufficient quantities.
What are B6?
The absence of archetypal diseases and functional impairments associated with old age.
What is Healthspan?
A condition brought about by insufficient intake of nutrients to meet biological requirements.
What is malnutrition?
What is goblet cells
This is the time frame that an asthma attack may start to develop before astmatic crisis occurs
What is 1-2 days?
When chronic lung disease leads to right-sided hypertrophy and failure
What is core pulmonale?
What is the name of the substance that increase Na++ and H2O reuptake leading increased cardiac output
What are aldosterone?
Helps break down glucose for energy, an end product of carbohydrate metabolism; helpsbranch-chain amino acids metabolize or undergo chemical changes; and helps maintain cognitive ability.
A low level of branch-chain amino acids can lead to central fatigue during endurance training.
What is Vitamine B1 (Thiamin)?
Is one of the most important of all vitamins. It plays a significant role as an antioxidant, protecting body tissue from oxidation damage. People often take in the winter to boost immune system
What is Vitamin C?
Where the heart chamber dilates or grows to fill up the ventricle with larger and larger volumes of blood or preload, stretch out the muscle walls, and increase contraction strength via the Frank-Starling mechanism.
What is dilated cardiomyopathy
Helps extract energy from glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids. As an antioxidant, riboflavin
helps counter free-radical damage. Free radicals form a by-product of many of our bodies' physiological
functions and can potentially damage our cells.
What is Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)?